Table 2.

Skewness, kurtosis, and normality test for different variables.

Construct	Skewness		Kurtosis		Kolmogorov Smirnov*
	SE	Statistic	SE	Statistics	Statistics	Sig.
Knowledge	0.113	0.224	−0.162	0.364	1.695	0.006
Learning agent	0.302	0.224	−0.535	0.364	2.116	0.000
EBs	0.379	0.224	−0.077	0.364	1.529	0.019
Initiative	−0.040	0.224	−0.185	0.364	1.731	0.005
Effort	−0.115	0.224	−0.116	0.364	1.521	0.02
Persistence	0.180	0.224	−0.159	0.364	1.681	0.007
LSE	−0.151	0.224	−0.217	0.364	1.814	0.003
Memory	0.275		−0.222	0.364	1.134	0.153
Cognitive	−0.46	0.224	−0.175	0.364	1.090	0.186
Compensatory	−305	0.224	−0.525	0.364	1.136	0.151
Metacognitive	0.322	0.224	−0.639	0.364	1.023	0.246
Affective	−0.311	0.224	−0.506	0.364	2.056	0.000
Social	−164	0.224	0.345	0.364	1.702	0.006
LLS	−137	0.224	−0.173	0.364	1.361	0.049

^*This is a lower bound of the true significance.