FIG 5.

Protection from NiV disease in hamsters treated with different TIP/NiV ratios. Hamsters were inoculated i.p. with 2 mL DMEM containing 10⁴ TCID₅₀ NiV strain Malaysia in combination with different concentrations of active TIPs DI-14 (treated with 100 mJ/cm² of UV) or with no TIPs (mock treated). Final ratios of TIP/NiV were 10,000:1 (purple), 3,333:1 (green), 1,111:1 (orange), 370:1 (blue), 123:1 (cyan), and 0:1 (black). (A) Mean daily percent weight change from baseline (taken at −1 dpi) for each group. The weights of uninfected control hamsters are shown as daily means (dashed black line) and range (gray area). (B) Survival of hamsters in each group. Also shown with a dashed gray line are findings from a previous experiment (Fig. 2) in which hamsters were treated with active TIP DI-14 at 20,000:1 ratio for comparison. Significance calculated by log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test as follows: ***, P ≤ 0.001; **, P ≤ 0.01; *, P ≤ 0.05. (C) Clinical signs (scored from 0 to 10), with severity depicted by increasing intensity of red. Animals scoring ≥10 were humanely euthanized; any animals that succumbed to disease prior to euthanasia were allocated a score of 10. Gray boxes indicate the end of monitoring/scoring due to euthanasia/death.