TABLE 3.
Univariate analysis of risk factor for 30 days all‐cause mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 (N = 172)
| Variable |
Alive N = 131 (%) |
Dead N = 41 (%) |
cOR (CI 95%) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) a | 55 (46–64) | 64 (53–70) | 1.51 (1.14–2.00) | <0.01 |
| Sex | ||||
| Women | 72 (55) | 25 (61) | 1.28 (0.62–2.61) | 0.50 |
| Smoking | 43 (33) | 13 (32) | 0.95 (0.44–2.01) | 0.89 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 30 (23) | 14 (34) | 1.75 (0.81–3.74) | 0.15 |
| Hypertension | 44 (34) | 13 (32) | 0.92 (0.43–1.94) | 0.82 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥30) | 46 (35) | 8 (20) | 0.45 (0.19–1.05) | 0.07 |
| Cancer type (n = 168) | ||||
| Hematologic malignancy | 36 (27) | 10 (24) | 0.89 (0.39–2.01) | 0.78 |
| Chemotherapy 30 days | ||||
| No chemotherapy | 86 (66) | 29 (71) | 1 | |
| Cytotoxic chemotherapy | 35 (27) | 11 (27) | 0.93 (0.42–2.06) | 0.86 |
| Immunotherapy or targeted therapy | 10 (8) | 1 (2) | 0.30 (0.03–2.41) | 0.26 |
| Stage of cancer (n = 153) | ||||
| Advanced disease | 58 (44) | 18 (44) | 0.88 (0.42–1.84) | 0.74 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| Hemoglobin mg/dl (n = 170) | 13.0 (11.0–14.1) | 10.3 (9.3–13.2) | 0.78 (0.67–0.90) | <0.01 |
| Platelets ×103/μl (n = 170) | 204 (149–299) | 153 (80.5–253.5) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.76 |
| Neutrophils ×103/μl (n = 170) | 4.4 (2.8–7.5) | 6.4 (2.5–11.4) | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 0.62 |
| Lymphocytes ×103/μl (n = 170) | 0.8 (0.5–1.1) | 0.6 (0.3–0.85) | 0.61 (0.31–1.19) | 0.15 |
| Serum creatinine mg/dl (IQR) (n = 168) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) | 2.28 (1.35–3.85) | <0.01 |
| C‐reactive protein mg/dl (n = 137) | 12.8 (5.8–22.5) | 21.0 (11.0–26.9) | 1.05 (1.01–1.08) | 0.01 |
| Ferritin μg/dl (n = 85) | 67.5 (38.4–174.8) | 111.7 (59.6–259.5) | 1.002 (0.99–1.00) | 0.16 |
| LDH μmol/(h·ml) (n = 163) | 17.1 (13.9–22.6) | 23.0 (15.7–37.3) | 1.03 (1.004–1.05) | 0.02 |
| D‐dimer mg/L (n = 149) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 2.4 (1.1–14.2) | 1.10 (1.03–1.16) | <0.01 |
| Fibrinogen g/L (n = 126) | 5.0 (4.1–6.1) | 4.7 (4.0–6.0) | 0.93 (0.73–1.17) | 0.52 |
| Albumin g/dl (n = 163) | 3.2 (2.8–3.6) | 2.3 (2.0–3.0) | 0.08 (0.03–0.19) | <0.01 |
| Bacterial or fungal secondary infection | 19 (15) | 16 (39) | 3.77 (1.70–8.34) | <0.01 |
| Steroids therapy | 82 (63) | 22 (54) | 0.69 (0.34–1.40) | 0.31 |
| Pulse oximetry (SpO2 <90%) (n = 169) | 66 (50) | 28 (68) | 2.23 (1.04–4.75) | 0.04 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; cOR, crude odds ratio; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease; IQR, interquartile range; SpO2, peripheral oxygen saturation.
a
Age was categorized into 10‐years intervals. For laboratory values median and interquartile range are reported.