Figure 3.

Integration of multiple data streams to inform integrated hazard assessment The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is tasked with evaluating chemicals under multiple risk-based decision contexts, including emergency response. Scoping and problem formulation is a key first step in determining types and volume of data needed to address a given decision context. The data streams may include various gradations (based on availability) of existent human health and/or ecological toxicity values, and hazard and dose-response from traditional human or experimental animal bioassays, coupled with new approach methods (NAMs) (e.g., empirical or predicted physical chemistry, environmental fate, and transport; in vitro cell-based bioactivity and toxicokinetics [TK]; and structure-activity/read-across).