Table 3. Parameter estimates of different logit regression models.
(Depedent variable: Whether likely to have mental disorder- i.e. K10 ≥ 20).
| Null | Logit | Mixed 1 | Mixed 2 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed effects | Estimate (OR) | Std error | 95% CI | Estimate (AOR) | Std error | 95% CI | Estimate (AOR) | Std error | 95% CI | Estimate (AOR) | Std error | 95% CI |
| Intercept | 0.296*** | 0.059 | (0.2–0.437) | 0.168*** | 0.017 | (0.138–0.204) | 0.075*** | 0.018 | (0.047–0.12) | 0.05*** | 0.011 | (0.322–0.078) |
| Wave (time) | 1.019 | 0.011 | (0.998–1.04) | 0.999 | 0.022 | (0.957–1.042) | 1.00 | 0.022 | (0.961–1.047) | |||
| Individual characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Gender—Female (Ref.: Male) | 1.484*** | 0.108 | (1.286–1.712) | 2.063*** | 0.363 | (1.461–2.913) | 2.021*** | 0.355 | (1.431–2.851) | |||
| Rural resident—Yes (Ref.: No) | 0.759* | 0.095 | (0.593–0.97) | 0.89 | 0.195 | (0.579–1.366) | 0.899 | 0.197 | (0.586–1.383) | |||
| Number of financial shock | 1.321*** | 0.041 | (1.243–1.404) | 1.436*** | 0.074 | (1.298–1.589) | 1.412*** | 0.072 | (1.277–1.561) | |||
| Number of life event shock | 1.156*** | 0.052 | (1.059–1.262) | 1.161* | 0.081 | (1.013–1.331) | 1.157* | 0.08 | (1.01–1.326) | |||
| Long term health condition—Yes (Ref.: No) | 2.232*** | 0.212 | (1.853–2.688) | 2.934*** | 0.502 | (2.098–4.103) | 2.855*** | 0.488 | (2.042–3.99) | |||
| Club activities—Yes (Ref.: No) | 0.651*** | 0.05 | (0.559–0.758) | 0.623*** | 0.078 | (0.487–0.797) | 0.635*** | 0.08 | (0.496–0.812) | |||
| Daily smoker—Yes (Ref.: No) | 1.241* | 0.125 | (1.018–1.512) | 1.801** | 0.339 | (1.246–2.604) | 1.676** | 0.313 | (1.162–2.416) | |||
| Heavy drinker—Yes (Ref.: No) | 1.344*** | 0.099 | (1.163–1.554) | 1.651*** | 0.209 | (1.288–2.117) | 1.649*** | 0.209 | (1.286–2.114) | |||
| Obese—Yes (Ref.: No) | 1.131 | 0.11 | (0.935–1.367) | 1.372 | 0.269 | (0.935–2.014) | 1.311 | 0.256 | (0.895–1.921) | |||
| Background characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Household Income—Low (Ref.: High) | 1.258* | 0.116 | (1.05–1.506) | 1.572* | 0.349 | (1.017–2.43) | ||||||
| Did not live with both parents—Yes (Ref.: High) | 1.183* | 0.091 | (1.017–1.376) | 1.586* | 0.298 | (1.097–2.294) | ||||||
| Mothers Education—Low (Ref.: High) | 0.972 | 0.088 | (0.814–1.162) | 0.921 | 0.203 | (0.597–1.421) | ||||||
| Mothers’ occupation—Low (Ref.: High) | 1.188 | 0.109 | (0.992–1.423) | 1.314 | 0.296 | (0.845–2.043) | ||||||
| Random effects | ||||||||||||
| Background (level 3) | ||||||||||||
| Intercept variance σ2v0 | 0.423 | 0.202 | (0.166–1.08) | 0.078 | 0.082 | (0.01–0.608) | 7.14e-32 | 3.89e-17 | ||||
| Individual (level 2) | ||||||||||||
| Intercept variance σ2u0 | 4.101 | 0.422 | (3.353–5.017) | 4.068 | 0.718 | (2.878–5.749) | 4.116 | 0.720 | (2.921–5.8) | |||
| Wave variance σ2u1 | 0.062 | 0.015 | (0.039–0.098) | 0.062 | 0.015 | (0.039–0.099) | ||||||
| Covariance σ2v0v1 | -0.091 | 0.071 | (-0.231–0.048) | -0.098 | 0.071 | (-0.238–0.041) | ||||||
| ICC | ||||||||||||
| rho background | 0.054 | 0.024 | (0.022–0.127) | 0.011 | 0.011 | (0.001–0.076) | 9.64e-33 | 5.26e-18 | ||||
| rho individual | background | 0.579 | 0.026 | (0.527–0.629) | 0.558 | 0.043 | (0.472–0.64) | 0.556 | 0.043 | (0.47–0.063) | |||
Notes:
*** p < 0.001,
** p < 0.01, and
* p < 0.05.