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. 2021 Oct 5;11(52):32750–32774. doi: 10.1039/d1ra04890b

Fig. 15. Ultrasonic irradiation apparatus that are used for generation of bulk nanobubbles. (a) Langevin transducer controlled by a signal generator attached to stainless-steel vibration plates. (b) Illustration of the generation of bulk nanobubbles.131.

Fig. 15