Video 5. High-frequency (20 Hz) stimulation of HPC-AHN carries negative valence and induces conditioned place avoidance.

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HPC-AHN ChR2 animals run away from the 20 Hz light-paired chamber when photostimulation is delivered real time. Twenty-four hr later, the same animals remember the negative valence of the light-paired chamber and avoid and escape from the same chamber and remain in the light-off chamber. HPC-AHN GFP animals display no aversion to light-paired chamber real time and 24 hr later.