Table 2.

Common characteristics of the participants (N = 185).

Variables	Mean ± SD/frequency (percent)
Sex (male/female)	63 (34.1)/122 (65.9)
Age (yrs)	74.6 ± 6.6
Present disease (yes/no)	157 (84.9)/28 (15.1)
Medication (yes/no)	154 (83.2)/31 (16.8)
Diabetes	42 (22.7)
Hypertension	94 (50.8)
Hyperlipidemia	24 (13.0)
Osteoporosis	17 (9.2)
Vitamin K antagonist	3 (1.6)
Heart disease	5 (2.7)
Others	36 (19.5)
Smoking (yes/no)	17 (9.2)/168 (90.8)
Daily drinking (yes/no)	48 (25.9)/137 (74.1)
MoCA-K (≤22/≥23)	95 (51.4)/90 (48.6)
MMSE (≤23/≥24)	50 (27.0)/135 (73.0)
MoCA-K2 (≤22/≥23)	101 (54.6)/84 (45.4)