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. 2021 Nov 1;11(56):35228–35244. doi: 10.1039/d1ra06309j

Electronic properties of the derivatives in gas phase and solution.

Molecule HOMO–LUMO (eV) Hardness (eV) Softness (eV) Mulliken electronegativity (eV) Electrophilicity (eV)
Gas phase
1-F 3.88 1.94 0.51 −5.02 50.40
1-Cl 3.91 1.95 0.51 −4.98 49.70
1-Br 3.83 1.91 0.52 −4.98 49.70
2-F 4.62 2.31 0.43 −5.02 50.40
2-Cl 4.64 2.32 0.43 −5.00 50.00
2-Br 4.58 2.29 0.44 −4.96 49.20
Solution
1-F 3.95 1.97 0.51 −4.87 47.53
1-Cl 3.98 1.99 0.50 −4.84 46.85
1-Br 3.89 1.94 0.51 −4.83 46.75
2-F 4.70 2.35 0.42 −4.96 49.2
2-Cl 4.67 2.33 0.43 −4.91 48.31
2-Br 4.59 2.29 0.44 −4.87 47.53