| Ion selective electrode |
5.0 × 10−8 to 1.0 × 10−1
|
1.0 × 10−8
|
42
|
| Ion selective electrode |
1.0 × 10−7 to 1.5 × 10−2
|
8.6 × 10−8
|
43
|
| Ion selective electrode |
1.0 × 1 0−2 to 1.0 × 10−7
|
4.0 × 10−8
|
44
|
| Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry |
5.09 × 10−8 to 2.0 × 10−6
|
4.8 × 10−8
|
45
|
| Inductively coupled plasma Mass spectrometry |
5.9 × 10−7 to 1.69 × 10−3
|
3.8 × 10−7
|
46
|
| Electrospray-ionization tandem mass spectrometry |
1.77 × 10−7 to 28 × 10−2
|
2.7 × 10−9
|
47
|
| Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction |
1.0 × 10−6 to 2.0 × 10−2
|
3.0 × 10−8
|
48
|
| Ionic liquid in simultaneous microextraction -ET-AAS |
9.2 × 10−9 to 1.1 × 10−6
|
2.7 × 10−9
|
49
|
| Liquid–liquid microextraction based on ionic liquid |
4.9 × 10−8 to 1.18 × 10−4
|
3.2 × 10−8
|
50
|
| Optical chemical sensor |
10−6 to 10−1
|
4.0 × 10−5
|
38
|
| Optical chemical sensor |
5.0 × 10−9 to 5.0 × 10−5
|
1.8 × 10−9
|
41
|
| Optical chemical sensor |
2.27 × 10−11 to 1.13 × 10−3
|
9.5 × 10−12
|
6
|
| Optical chemical sensor |
5.0 × 10−9 to 1.0 × 10−5
|
1.5 × 10−9
|
This work |