Table 3.
Multi-bacteria models for detection of colorectal cancer and adenomas.
| Author, year | Predictors | Sample examined (CRC/Adenomas/Controls) | Performance of AUROCs (CI) | Internal validation | External validation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis/CRC vs HC | |||||
| Amitay, 2017 Germany | Fusobacterium nucleatum | 46/223/231 | 0.67 (0.59–0.76) | ||
| Fusobacterium nucleatum + age + sex | 46/223/231 | 0.75 (0.68–0.83) | |||
| Baxter, 2016 Canada + USA | 32 OTUs | 101/162/141 | 0.85 | ||
| 28 OTUs + qFIT | 101/162/141 | 0.83 | |||
| Gao, 2020 China | 18 genera | 100/110/332 | 0.86 (0.78–0.93) | Validation cohort | |
| 18 genera + qFIT | 100/110/332 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | |||
| Zackular, 2014 USA | 6 OTUs | 30/30/30 | 0.80 (0.69–0.91) | ||
| 6OTUs + age + race + BMI | 30/30/30 | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | |||
| Coker, 2020 China | 9 species | 73/NA/92 | 0.82 (0.70–0.94) | Chinese Cohort C2 | |
| Alomair, 2018 Saudi Arabia | 11 genera | 29/NA/29 | 0.89 | ||
| Zhang, 2020 China | 5 oral microbiome OTUs | 161/NA/58 | 0.84 (0.77–0.90) | ||
| Arabameri, 2018 France | 22 species | 53/27/61 | 0.91 | American cohort & Austrian cohort | |
| 22 species + gFOBT | 53/27/61 | 0.92 | |||
| Liang, 2019 China | Fusobacterium nucleatum | 170/NA/200 | 0.87 (0.83–0.90) | Shanghai cohort II | |
| Fusobacterium nucleatum + qFIT | 170/NA/200 | 0.92 (0.82–0.96) | |||
| 4 bacteria | 170/NA/200 | 0.89 (0.85–0.92) | |||
| Baxter, 2016 Canada + USA | 34 OTUs | 120/198/172 | 0.85 | ||
| 23 OTUs + qFIT | 120/198/172 | 0.95 | |||
| Guo, 2018 China | Fusobacterium nucleatum | 215/NA/156 | 0.88 | Cohort II | |
| Fn/Fp+Fn/Bb | 215/NA/156 | 0.94 | |||
| Tarallo, 2019 Italy | bsRNA + bDNA + hsa-miRNAs | 29/27/24 | 0.87 | ||
| Flemer, 2017 Ireland | 16 faecal microbiota OTUs | 99/32/103 | 0.81 (0.73–0.81) | ||
| 16 oral microbiota OTUs | 99/32/103 | 0.90 (0.83–0.90) | |||
| 29 oral OTUs + 34 fecal OTUs | 99/32/103 | 0.94 (0.87–0.94) | |||
| Ai, 2017 China | 6 species | 42/47/52 | 0.94 | ||
| 6 species + gFOBT | 42/47/52 | 0.95 | French cohort | ||
| Ai, 2019 China | 9 genera | 53/42/61 | 0.93 | French cohort & Austria cohort | |
| Yachida, 2019 Japan | 29 species | 365/NA/251 | 0.73* | ||
| 55 species | 365/NA/251 | 0.83 | |||
| Zeller, 2014 France | 22 species | 53/42/61 | 0.84* | Denmark cohort & Spain cohort & Germany cohort | |
| 22 species + gFOBT | 53/42/61 | 0.87* | |||
| Kim, 2020 Korea | Collinsella + Solanum melongena | 32/NA/40 | 0.95 | ||
| Collinsella + Solanum melongena + leucine + oxalic acid | 32/NA/40 | 1.00 | |||
| Guven, 2019 Belgium | Streptococcus gallolyticus | 71/NA/77 | 0.84 (0.72–0.96) | ||
| Yu, 2017 China | 20 microbial gene markers | 74/NA/54 | 0.71 | Chinese Cohort C2 | Danish cohort & French cohort & Austrain cohort |
| Liang, 2020 China | 4 genera | 13/NA/22 | 0.83 | ||
| Shen, 2020 China | Firmicutes cluster1 (IVF group) | 30/NA/25 | 0.93 | ||
| Fusobacteria cluster | 30/NA/25 | 0.94 | |||
| Xie, 2017 China | Clostridium symbiosum + qFIT | 327/212/242 | 0.84* (0.77–0.89) | ||
| Clostridium symbiosum + Fusobacteria nucleatum + qFIT + CEA | 327/212/242 | 0.86* (0.79–0.91) | |||
| Clostridium symbiosum + Fusobacteria nucleatum + qFIT + CEA | 327/212/242 | 0.90 (0.87–0.93) | |||
| Wang, 2016 China | Fusobacterium nucleatum + CEA | 258/NA/200 | 0.85 | ||
| Diagnosis/Adenomas vs HC | |||||
| Gao, 2020 China | 18 genera | 100/110/332 | 0.62 (0.52–0.71) | Validation cohort | |
| 18 genera + qFIT | 100/110/332 | 0.72 (0.63–0.81) | |||
| Zackular, 2014 USA | 5 OTUs | 30/30/30 | 0.84 (0.74–0.94) | ||
| 5 OTUs + age + race + BMI | 30/30/30 | 0.90 (0.82–0.98) | |||
| Flemer, 2017 Ireland | 12 oral microbiota OTUs | 99/32/103 | 0.89 (0.80–0.89) | ||
| 12 oral OTUs + 16 faecal OTUs | 99/32/103 | 0.98 (0.95–0.98) | |||
| Baxter, 2016 Canada + USA | 22 OTUs | 120/198/172 | 0.67 | ||
| 23 OTUs + qFIT | 120/198/172 | 0.76 | |||
| Liu, 2020 China | Escherichia-Shigella + Acinetobacter | NA/22/19 | 0.81 | Validation cohort | |
| Escherichia-Shigella + Acinetobacter + BMI | NA/22/19 | 0.94 | |||
| Tarallo, 2019 Italy | bsRNA + bDNA + hsa-miRNAs | 29/27/24 | 0.47 | ||
| Zhang, 2020 China | 5 oral microbiome OTUs | NA/34/58 | 0.95 (0.91–0.99) | ||
| Goedert, 2015 China | 5 phyla + 7 genera | 2/20/24 | 0.77 | ||
| Wei, 2020 China | 2 species | 36/43/53 | 0.79 | ||
| Fusobacterium mortiferum + gFOBT | 36/43/53 | 0.47 | |||
| Prognostication | |||||
| Jin, 2019 China | 10 species | 161/NA/NA | 0.72 (0.59–0.88) | ||
| Li, 2019 China | 3 species | 37/NA/NA | 0.82 (0.69–0.96) | ||
| 3 species + age | 37/NA/NA | 0.91 (0.81–1.00) | |||
| Yu, 2019 China | 3 genera | 20/NA/NA | 0.79 (0.63–0.90) | ||
qFIT quantitative faecal immunochemical test, gFOBT guaiac faecal occult blood test, OTUs operational taxonomic units, AUROC area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, BMI body mass index, IVF intestinal lavage fluid, Fn Fusobacterium nucleatum, Fp Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bb Bifidobacterium.
*Early-stage detection of Colorectal Cancer.