Table 3.
Some beneficial therapeutic agents through targeting abnormal miRNA in IBD models (mice and rats).
| Treatments | Therapeutic agents | Outcomes | Model | Dose and Regimen | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Herbal and plant | Resveratrol | miR-31, Let7a, miR-132 downregulation; increased anti-inflammatory T cell responses | TNBS-induced mice | Dose: daily oral gavage of 100 mg/kg | (75) | |
| Cinnamaldehyde | miR-21, miR-155 downregulation; inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation | 5% DSS-induced mice | Dose: daily oral gavage of 10 mg/kg | (76) | ||
| Mango polyphenolics | miR-126 upregulation, inflammation alleviation | 3% DSS-induced rat | Dose: 89.74 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/kg | (77) | ||
| Sinomenine | miR-155 downregulation; inflammation alleviation | 5% TNBS-induced mice | Dose: daily oral gavage of 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg | (78) | ||
| Probiotics | Clostridium butyricum | miR-200c upregulation, decreased the transepithelial permeability, inflammation alleviation | TNBS and AOM-induced mice | Unclear | (4) | |
| miRNA manipulation for inhibitors or mimics | miR-7a-5p antagomir | p-JNK downregulation, ZO-1 upregulation | TNBS-induced mice | Dose: 100 nmol/kg, 2 h after TNBS treatment; tail vein injection | (79) | |
| miR-16 antagomir | Bcl-2 upregulation | 3% DSS-induced mice | Dose: 5 mg/kg, twice a week; IP administration | (69) | ||
| miR-31 mimics | Increased body weight and colon length, epithelial cell proliferation promotion | 3.5% DSS-induced miR-31 KO mice | Dose: OKGM-PS-MIR31 microspheres (150 ml, 21 mg/ml), enema administration | (7) | ||
| miR-31-3p agomir | RhoA downregulation | 2% DSS-induced mice | Dose: 80 μg; days 1, 3, and 5 of DSS treatment, intracolonic administration | (21) | ||
| anti-miR-122a | Occludin upregulation | TNF-α-induced mice, intestinal perfusion model | Dose: pre-miR-122a (25 nM) and lipofectamine (50 μl); lumen of small intestine injection | (14) | ||
| miR-155 antagomir | ZO-1, occludin, claudin-1 upregulation | 3% DSS-induced mice | Dose: 100 μl, dissolved in saline at 2 mg/ml, daily for the last 3 days before tissue harvest; IP administration | (80) | ||
| miRNA manipulation for inhibitors or mimics | miR-195 agomir | The pathological damage alleviation to the colon | TNBS-induced rat | Unclear | (60) | |
| miR-223 antagomir | CLDN8 reactivation | TNBS-induced mice | Dose: 7.5 mg/kg; IP administration | (1) | ||
| miR-223 agomir | Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl downregulation | 2.5% DSS-induced mice | Dose: 1.5 mg/kg/day, 24 h after DSS administration; IP administration | (81) | ||
DSS, dextran sodium sulfate; TNBS, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid; AOM, acute otitis media; KO, knock out; NLRP3, nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing Protein 3; IP, intraperitoneal; ZO-1, zonula occluden-1; CLDN8, Claudin-8; RhoA, ras homolog family member A; JNK, c-Jun amino-terminal kinase; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; OKGM, oxidized konjac glucomannan; PS, peptosome.