Table 4.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval for GDM according to quartile of serum PCSK9 levels (n = 300).

	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	P value for trend
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
GDM
Model 1	1	2.155 (1.071–4.337)	2.216 (1.093–4.493)	3.386 (1.668–6.874)	0.001
Model 2	1	2.517 (1.138–5.566)	2.520 (1.190–5.333)	3.818 (1.775–8.211)	0.001
Model 3	1	2.416 (1.098–5.312)	2.854 (1.241–6.564)	3.670 (1.652–8.155)	0.004
Model 4	1	2.337 (1.042–5.797)	3.068 (1.228–7.664)	3.559 (1.346–9.416)	0.009

Model 1 was not adjusted.

Model 2 was adjusted for age and gestational age.

Model 3 was adjusted for the variables in model 2 plus blood pressure, family history of diabetes mellitus, pre-BMI, and abdominal girth.

Model 4 was adjusted for the variables in model 3 plus TG, LDL-C, ALT, white blood cells, and HOMA-IR.

Subjects with a baseline circulating PCSK9 level in the lowest quartile group served as the reference group. Cutoff values in the four groups were Q1 <223.94 ng/ml, Q2 223.94–253.47 ng/ml, Q3 253.47–286.70 ng/ml, and Q4 >286.70 ng/ml.

GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; OR, odds ratio; pre-BMI, body mass index before pregnancy; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9.