TABLE 3.
Summary of biomarker test findings in case studies
| Case | CSF test findings | PET test findings | Neuropsychology testing | AD diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 Mr B | Not done | Aβ negative |
MMSE 19/30 CAMCOG 67 (cut‐off >84) Frontal assessment battery 12/18 |
AD excluded |
| #2 Mr C |
Glucose 4.0mmol/L Proteins 0.40g/L t‐tau 594ng/L (cut‐off <360) a p‐tau 81ng/L (cut‐off <60) a Aβ1‐42 611ng/L (cut‐off >450) a t‐tau/Aβ1‐42 0.972 (cut‐off <0.28) p‐tau/Aβ1‐42 0.133 (cut‐off <0.02) |
Not done | Examination abandoned because patient was distracted and anxious | MCI due to AD |
| #3 Mrs N |
Aβ1‐42 498 pg/ml (cut‐off >1000) t‐tau 635 pg/ml (cut‐off <235) p‐tau‐181 73 pg/ml (cut‐off <19) t‐tau/Aβ1‐42 1.275 (cut‐off <0.28) p‐tau/Aβ1‐42 0.147 (cut‐off <0.02) |
Not done |
MMSE 26/30 Deficits in memory tasks |
MCI due to AD |
| #4 Mr G |
Aβ1‐42 567 pg/ml (cut off >1000) t‐tau 364 pg/ml (cut off <235) p‐tau‐181 36 pg/ml (cut off <19) t‐tau/Aβ1‐42 0.642 (cut‐off <0.28) p‐tau/Aβ1‐42 0.063 (cut‐off <0.02) |
Aβ + |
MMSE 26/30 CAMCOG 91 (cut‐off >84) |
PCA due to AD |
| #5 Mr T |
Aβ1‐42/1‐40 (cut‐off >0.046) 0.037 at 62 years 0.037 at 66 years p‐tau181/ Aβ1‐42 ratio (cut‐off <0.038) 0.042 at 62 years 0.045 at 66 years |
Aged 62 years: Aβ+ (centiloid of 91.6) Aged 70 years: Aβ + (centiloid of 113.1) Tau + |
Aged 62‐72: MMSE 30/30 Aged 72: MMSE 30/30 Delayed recall (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Logical Memory I and II subtests of the Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised) |
Aged 62 and 66 years: At risk for AD Aged 72 years: MCI |
ELISA assay.
Abbreviations: CAMCOG, Cambridge Cognitive Examination; PCA, posterior cortical atrophy.