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. 2022 Feb 25;71(5):945–960. doi: 10.2337/db21-0382

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Gastrointestinal hormone secretion is altered by gut microbiota. Plasma levels of various intestinal hormones of mice fed chow (C) or HFD (H), HFD + metronidazole (M) or HFD + vancomycin (V) (left side) and of GF recipient mice, 2 weeks after the bacterial transfer (right side). Plasma levels of GLP-1 (A and B), GIP (C and D), CCK (E and F), PYY (G and H), and leptin (I and J) were measured. Data represent mean ± SEM (n = 6–8 for donor mice and n = 6 per mice colonized with cecal bacteria from antibiotic-treated mice). *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, *** P ≤ 0.001.