Table 4.
GREML-SC and GREML-LDMS estimates for individuals with diabetes using the UKB genotype data
| Phenotype | Diabetes (N = 26,387) | Diabetes: type 2 only (N = 18,198) | No diabetes (N = 26,387) | Diabetes and no diabetes (N = 52,774) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportion of cases | n | V(G)/V(p) (SE) | Proportion of cases | n | V(G)/V(p) (SE) | V(G)/V(p) (SE) | V(G)/V(p) (SE) | ||
| GREML-SC | GREML-LDMS | GREML-LDMS | GREML-LDMS | GREML-LDMS | |||||
| DR | 0.541 | 11,739 | 0.110 (0.041) | 0.166 (0.130) | 0.514 | 7,516 | 0.029 (0.199) | NA | NA |
| DKD | 0.256 | 7,707 | 0.108 (0.064) | 0.291 (0.196) | 0.259 | 4,969 | 0.237 (0.300) | 0.453 (0.15) | 0.217 (0.089) |
| Macroalbuminuria | 0.029 | 13,246 | 0.001 (0.034) | 0.000 (0.119) | 0.026 | 9,332 | NA | NA | 0.026 (0.085) |
| Microalbuminuria | 0.238 | 13,246 | 0.110 (0.037) | 0.250 (0.119) | 0.230 | 9,332 | 0.214 (0.163) | 0.155 (0.201) | 0.226 (0.079) |
| CVD | 0.159 | 17,540 | 0.081 (0.028) | 0.183 (0.093) | 0.170 | 11,506 | 0.208 (0.139) | 0.176 (0.069) | 0.085 (0.041) |
| MI | 0.094 | 16,310 | 0.097 (0.031) | 0.256 (0.100) | 0.099 | 10,610 | 0.192 (0.149) | 0.278 (0.072) | 0.141 (0.043) |
| Stroke any | 0.087 | 16,002 | 0.041 (0.030) | 0.348 (0.101) | 0.095 | 10,434 | 0.590 (0.151) | NA | 0.199 (0.044) |
| Stroke infarct | 0.042 | 15,429 | 0.000 (0.029) | 0.283 (0.106) | 0.047 | 10,030 | 0.330 (0.158) | 0.141 (0.073) | 0.167 (0.045) |
GREML-LDMS estimates were for individuals with 1) diabetes (both type 1 and type 2), 2) type 2 diabetes only, 3) without diabetes, and 4) groups with diabetes and no diabetes combined using the UKB imputed data. Individuals with no diabetes (N = 26,387) in this table were randomly sampled from a pool of 296,315 individuals with no diabetes in the UKB data. Estimates for the last column were obtained from combining groups with diabetes and no diabetes (N = 52,774). N, number of total samples in the group; n, number of samples without missing phenotype; NA, under GREML-LDMS, the GREML analysis failed to run due to the small sample size; V(G)/V(p), proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genotypes (i.e., heritability, as observed in the study population).