Table 2.
Participants characteristics associated elevated BP in multivariate analysis
| Normal BP versus all elevated BPa | Normal BP versus elevated BP in known hypertensive subjects | Normal BP versus elevated BP in non-known hypertensive subjects | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–44 | Refd | Refd | Refd | |||
| 45–54 | 1.8X [1.46–2.36] | < 0.001* | 1.87 [1.10–3.18] | 0.021* | 1.76 [1.35–2.88] | < 0.001* |
| 55–64 | 3.05 [2.41–3.85] | < 0.001* | 3.81 [2.35–6.19] | < 0.001* | 2.81 [2.17–3.63] | < 0.001* |
| ≥ 65 | 3.91 [3.03–5.03] | < 0.001* | 4.43 [2.62–7.49] | < 0.001* | 3.63 [2.75–4.78] | < 0.001* |
| Weight (Kg) | 1.02 [1.00–1.04] | 0.024* | 1.02 [0.99–1.06] | 0.187 | 1.03 [1.01–1.05] | 0.009* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| < 25 kg/m2 | Refd | Refd | Refd | |||
| 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2 | 0.55 [0.44–0.71] | < 0.001* | 0.80 [0.49–1.30] | 0.368 | 0.49 [0.38–0.64] | < 0.001* |
| ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 0.73 [0.48–1.10] | 0.134 | 0.93 [0.42–2.11] | 0.875 | 0.63 [0.40–1.00] | < 0.050* |
| Waist circumference (Cm) | 1.01 [1.00–1.02] | < 0.001* | 1.01 [1.00–1.02] | 0.012* | 1.01 [1.00–1.02] | 0.001* |
| Smoking history (%) | ||||||
| Never smoked | Refd | Refd | Refd | |||
| Ex-smoker | 1.04 [0.83–1.30] | 0.753 | 1.35 [0.86–2.14] | 0.189 | 1.09 [0.85–1.39] | 0.493 |
| Current smoker | 5.06 [4.05–6.31] | < 0.001* | 5.71 [3.68–8.86] | < 0.001* | 5.7X [4.50–7.25] | < 0.001* |
| Alcohol history (%) | ||||||
| Never | Refd | Refd | Refd | |||
| 0–5 years | 2.48 [1.85–3.32] | < 0.001* | 2.50 [1.37–4.56] | 0.003* | 2.48 [1.80–3.51] | < 0.001* |
| 6–10 years | 2.76 [1.85–3.32] | < 0.001* | 3.38 [1.72–6.28] | < 0.001* | 2.73 [1.90–3.94] | < 0.001* |
| 11–15 years | 2.79 [1.92–4.06] | < 0.001* | 3.21 [1.55–6.61] | 0.002* | 3.04 [2.03–4.54] | < 0.001* |
| > 15 years | 1.97 [1.57–2.48] | < 0.001* | 1.52 [0.93–2.47] | 0.092* | 2.11 [1.64–2.71] | < 0.001* |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 1.00 [1.00–1.01] | 0.034* | 1.01 [1.00–1.02] | 0.007 | 1.00 [1.00–1.01] | 0.055 |
| Elevated blood glucose (%)b | 0.91 [0.73–1.14] | 0.426 | 0.16 [0.08–0.33] | < 0.001 | 1.15 [0.91–1.46] | 0.235 |
aElevated Blood pressure was defined as a systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg
bComparison by unpaired t-test or χ2 versus Normal BP
cElevated blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL after minimum 6-h fast
dRef: reference category
Table shows results from the multivariate analysis assessing independent participants’ characteristics associated to the elevated BP, comparison between each time the normal BP group versus elevated BP, versus poorly controlled BP and versus new discovered cases BP groups