Table 2.
Assessment of Interaction between Acculturation and Social Support, and Effects of the Interaction on Obesity Outcomes among Mexican American Men and Women1 (Coefficient, SE)
| Obesity 2,4 | Central Obesity 2,4 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |
|
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| Model 1 3 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Acculturation (ref. less acculturation) | 0.53 (0.17) P=0.002 | −0.24 (0.12) P=0.05 | 0.68 (0.14) P<.001 | −0.26 (0.15) P=0.08 |
|
| ||||
| Model 2 3 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Social support (ref. low/no social support) | −0.00 (0.20) P=0.99 | −0.21 (0.22) P=0.35 | 0.03 (0.17) P=0.86 | −0.44 (0.22) P=0.05 |
|
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| Model 3 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Acculturation | 0.51 (0.22) P=0.02 | −0.17 (0.15) P=0.24 | 0.68 (0.17) P<.001 | −0.19 (0.18) P=0.31 |
|
| ||||
| Social support | −0.11 (0.21) P=0.60 | −0.19 (0.23) P=0.39 | −0.11 (0.19) P=0.55 | −0.42 (0.21) P=0.05 |
|
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| Model 4 3 | ||||
|
| ||||
| Acculturation 5 | 0.96 (0.39) P=0.01 | −0.18 (0.26) P=0.51 | 1.01 (0.32) P<.01 | −0.31 (0.33) P=0.42 |
|
| ||||
| Social support 6 | 0.23 (0.33) P=0.51 | −0.20 (0.28) P=0.49 | 0.12 (0.28) P=0.68 | −0.52 (0.33) P=0.13 |
|
| ||||
| Acculturation×Social support | −0.74 (0.46) P=0.19 | −0.01 (0.31) P=0.98 | −0.53 (0.40) P=0.18 | 0.18 (0.41) P=0.66 |
NHANES cycle 1999–2000 to 2003–2004 contain social support questions for adults 60 years and older; cycle 2005–2006 and 2007–2008 contain social support questions for adults 40 years and older.
Coefficient estimates (SE) and significance of each parameter
Model 1 includes acculturation and all covariates; model 2 includes social support and all covariates; model 3 includes both acculturation and social support, as well as all covariates; model 4 includes acculturation, social support, interaction term, as well as all covariates. Covariates include age, education, income, marital status, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, diet quality, and survey year.
Obesity is defined as BMI≥30; central obesity is defined as waist circumferences ≥102 cm in men; ≥88 cm in women.
Acculturation score (0–5) is used to categorize individuals into less (0–2) and more (3–5) acculturated groups for comparison in this set of analyses.
Social support is composed as an index derived from information of emotional support (yes or no) and financial support (yes or no). The index is dichotomized into less or none (neither or either of two kinds of support) and more (both) social support groups for comparison.