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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 27.
Published in final edited form as: J Psychosom Res. 2020 Dec 6;141:110326. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110326

Table 2.

Multiple linear regression results for pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio regressed against tobacco and cannabis smoking intensity, GPR15+ Th cell percent, and immunological variables.

Model Model 1A Model 1B Model 1C
Parameters b p-value b p-value b p-value
Cigarettes per day 0.290 0.006 0.162 0.12 0.143 0.21
Scaled cannabis use 0.459 0.35 0.0004 > 0.99 0.113 0.83
GPR15+ Th cell percent 0.333 0.003 0.337 0.005
Age (years) −0.062 0.84
Gender (male) −0.180 0.83
Race (AA) −0.647 0.53
BMI 0.064 0.15
Stress 0.058 0.52
PHQ −0.082 0.41
NSAIDs 0.172 0.65
R-square 0.130 0.244 0.223
p-value < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

Cigarettes per day calculated by average consumption over the past month. Scaled cannabis use indicates average use over the past year on a zero to two scale. BMI refers to body mass index. Stress refers to the Perceived Stress Scale total score. PHQ refers to the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9) total score. NSAIDs refers to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug consumption in daily 200 mg equivalent doses of ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. Cotinine positivity indicates serum values of > 1 ng/mL, while THC positivity indicates > 0.5 ng/mL. Regression results shown for n = 61 participants.