Alterations in striatal and prefrontal cortex catecholamine profiles in antibiotic treated and C. difficile infected mice. Catecholamine concentrations in striatal and prefrontal cortex brain regions of control, antibiotic control (Abx), and C. difficile challenged (C. diff) mice at 2 days postinoculation was quantitated by the HPLC-ED method. Striatal catecholamine concentration in different treatment groups: (A) dopamine (DA), (B) its metabolite 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), (C) homovanillic acid (HVA), and (D) norepinephrine (NE) levels; prefrontal cortex (F.CTX) catecholamine concentration in different treatment groups: (E) dopamine (DA), (F) its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), (G) homovanillic acid (HVA), and (H) norepinephrine (NE) levels. n = 5. All data (A–H) are presented as the mean, and error bars indicate SEM. One-way ANOVA with adjusted P-value was used to test for statistical significance **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05.