(a, b, and c) Specific growth rate (μ) varies hyperbolically with external methanol concentration. (d) Variations with methanol concentration in relative difference between the Monod equation and the simulation results. Insert in panel b shows rates at relatively low methanol concentrations; data points in green represent experimental observations of Daußmann et al. (49); lines with “X” data markers are specific growth rates, sums of net growth rates, and the maintenance rate, obtained from metabolic simulation; blue dash lines represent the results of the Monod equation (equation 1), evaluated using the maximum growth rate and half-saturation constants determined phenomenologically from the simulation results; dark dotted lines are calculated using equation 8 and the simulation-derived maximum growth rate and specific affinity; red solid lines represent the Monod equation amended with a Gaussian function (equation 11).