AmiL directly targeted PhzC, and showed significant regulations of the las and rhl systems. (A) AmiL and its putative binding sequence in the CDS of PhzC, LasI, and RhlR. (B) A green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter system was constructed to investigate the direct interactions between sRNA and its potential targets. (C) The plasmid pSTV28 (EV*) or pSTV28-amiL (AmiL+*) was co-transformed with a GFP reporter plasmid (pUCP30T-gfp) containing a wild-type (WT) or mutant (Mut) sequences of PhzC mRNA into E. coli DH5α, then the fluorescence was measured by microscopy, and the intensity was detected by a BioTek Synergy H1 microplate reader and expressed in AU as F485/535. (D) PAO1 carrying the pROp200 EV or pROp200-amiL (AmiL+), and amiL-deleted PAO1 carrying pROp200 (△AmiL) were cultured in LB for 4 h, 12 h, and 20 h, respectively, then the expression levels of lasI (left) and rhlI (right) were measured by qRT-PCR. (E) The EV, △AmiL, and AmiL+ strains were added into the well of LB agar plates containing C. violaceum CV026 and incubated at 30°C for 24 h, the violacein halo production was observed (top) and the diameter of the halo was measured (bottom). Data are shown as mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, non-significant.