TABLE 2.
Social care knowledge among PEM fellows and PDs, total and by position type
| Social care knowledge | Total | Fellow | PD | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systematic workflow for ED social needs screening/referral | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 51 (33) | 36 (33) | 15 (34) | |
| No | 50 (33) | 26 (24) | 24 (55) | |
| Do not know | 52 (34) | 47 (43) | 5 (11) | |
| Screens for social needs in the ED a | — | |||
| Physician | 51 (33) | 33 (30) | 18 (41) | |
| Nurse practitioner or physician assistant | 30 (20) | 18 (17) | 12 (27) | |
| Nurse | 62 (41) | 38 (35) | 24 (55) | |
| Community navigator or social worker | 59 (39) | 40 (37) | 19 (43) | |
| Ancillary staff | 18 (12) | 14 (13) | 4 (9) | |
| Self‐screened | 6 (4) | 6 (6) | 0 (0) | |
| Do not know | 53 (35) | 48 (44) | 5 (11) | |
| None of the above | 17 (11) | 8 (7) | 9 (20) | |
| Makes community referrals in the ED a | — | |||
| Physician | 46 (30) | 31 (28) | 15 (34) | |
| Nurse practitioner or physician assistant | 30 (20) | 21 (19) | 9 (21) | |
| Nurse | 15 (10) | 8 (7) | 7 (16) | |
| Community navigator or social worker | 125 (82) | 86 (79) | 39 (89) | |
| Ancillary staff | 4 (3) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| Automated referral platform | 5 (3) | 2 (2) | 3 (7) | |
| Do not know | 23 (15) | 22 (20) | 1 (2) | |
| None of the above | 4 (3) | 4 (4) | 0 (0) | |
| Percentage of patients screened for social needs in the last five shifts | — | |||
| 0% | 60 (39) | 44 (40) | 16 (36) | |
| 1%–25% | 80 (52) | 56 (51) | 24 (55) | |
| 26%–75% | 10 (7) | 6 (6) | 4 (9) | |
| 51%–75% | 3 (2) | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| 76%–100% | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Frequency of using standardized screening tool to assess social needs b | 0.69 | |||
| Always | 2 (2) | 1 (2) | 1 (4) | |
| Sometimes | 17 (18) | 13 (20) | 4 (14) | |
| Never | 74 (80) | 51 (78) | 23 (82) | |
| 24‐h access to social worker | 0.76 | |||
| Yes | 113 (74) | 79 (72) | 34 (77) | |
| No | 33 (22) | 24 (22) | 9 (20) | |
| Do not know | 7 (5) | 6 (6) | 1 (2) | |
| Able to identify local available resources for: | ||||
| Housing insecurity | 31 (20) | 21 (19) | 10 (24) | 0.63 |
| Food insecurity | 56 (37) | 41 (38) | 15 (34) | 0.68 |
| Accessing public benefits | 31 (20) | 23 (21) | 8 (18) | 0.68 |
| Assistance paying utilities | 19 (12) | 15 (14) | 4 (9) | 0.43 |
| Transportation | 43 (28) | 30 (28) | 13 (30) | 0.80 |
| Immigration assistance | 18 (12) | 15 (14) | 3 (7) | 0.23 |
| ED equipped with community referral resource list | 0.03 | |||
| Yes | 32 (21) | 21 (19) | 11 (25) | |
| No | 25 (16) | 13 (12) | 12 (27) | |
| Do not know | 96 (63) | 75 (69) | 21 (48) | |
| Frequency of using resource list to refer patients/families b | 0.47 | |||
| Always | 2 (6) | 1 (5) | 1 (9) | |
| Sometimes | 18 (56) | 11 (52) | 7 (64) | |
| Never | 12 (38) | 9 (43) | 3 (27) | |
Data are reported as n (%).
Abbreviations: PD, program director; PEM, pediatric emergency medicine.
a
Variable is based on check all that apply and, therefore, the sum % of response is larger than the sample of the population.
b
Subquestion with smaller n than main question stem.