. 2022 Apr 23;13:369–406. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S354446

Table 4.

Comparison Between the Traditional MBBCH and Integrated MSBP-CB Systems Regarding the Mean Item Scores

Subscale	Item	Mean Item Score			Z Score of Mann Whitney U-test	p value
Subscale	Item	Traditional MBBCH System	Integrated MSBP-CB System	Total	Z Score of Mann Whitney U-test	p value
SPL	1. I am encouraged to participate in class	2.87	2.93	2.90	−0.299	0.765
	7. The teaching is often stimulating	2.51	2.68	2.60	−2.238	0.025*
	13. The teaching is student-centred	2.45	2.53	2.49	−1.087	0.277
	16. The teaching helps to develop my competence	2.56	2.68	2.62	−1.806	0.071
	20. The teaching is well focused	2.67	2.68	2.68	−0.141	0.888
	22. The teaching helps to develop my confidence	2.43	2.52	2.48	−1.200	0.230
	24. The teaching time is put to good use	2.55	2.29	2.42	−3.173	0.002*
	25. The teaching over emphasizes factual learning ^#	1.45	1.60	1.53	−1.645	0.100
	38. I am clear about the learning objectives of the course	2.60	2.67	2.63	−1.394	0.163
	44. The teaching encourages me to be an active learner	2.44	2.46	2.45	−0.552	0.581
	47. Long-term learning is emphasized over short-term learning	2.30	2.43	2.37	−1.684	0.092
	48. The teaching is too teacher-centered ^#	1.50	1.75	1.63	−3.180	0.001*
SPT	2. The teachers are knowledgeable	3.28	3.21	3.24	−1.298	0.194
	6. The teachers are patient with students	2.79	2.86	2.83	−0.817	0.414
	8. The teachers ridicule the students ^#	2.86	2.97	2.92	−1.279	0.201
	9. The teachers are authoritarian #	2.63	2.75	2.69	−1.217	0.224
	18. The teachers have good communication skills with patients	2.78	2.75	2.76	−0.208	0.825
	29. The teachers are good at providing feedback to students	2.64	2.53	2.58	−1.275	0.202
	32. The teachers provide constructive criticism here	2.34	2.40	2.37	−0.799	0.424
	37. The teachers give clear examples	2.70	2.68	2.69	−0.210	0.833
	39. The teachers get angry in the class ^#	2.21	2.43	2.32	−2.491	0.013*
	40. The teachers are well prepared for their classes	2.71	2.71	2.71	−0.037	0.971
	50. The students irritate the teachers ^#	2.03	1.88	1.95	−1.841	0.066
SAP	5. Learning strategies which worked for me before continue to work for me now	2.39	2.59	2.49	−2.862	0.004*
	10. I am confident about passing this year	2.84	2.89	2.86	−0.374	0.709
	21. I feel I am being well prepared for my profession	2.17	2.24	2.21	−0.716	0.474
	26. Last year’s work has been a good preparation for this year’s work	2.24	2.50	2.37	−3.198	0.001*
	27. I am able to memorize all I need	1.93	1.93	1.93	−0.099	0.921
	31. I have learned a lot about empathy in my profession	2.44	2.57	2.50	−1.716	0.086
	41. My problem-solving skills are being well developed here	2.27	2.39	2.33	−1.268	0.205
	45. Much of what I have to learn seems relevant to a career in healthcare	2.41	2.54	2.48	−1.612	0.107
SPA	11. The atmosphere is relaxed during the ward teaching	2.48	2.42	2.45	−0.368	0.713
	12. This school is well timetabled	2.53	2.11	2.32	−4.301	0.000*
	17. Cheating is a problem in this course ^#	2.00	1.88	1.94	−1.488	0.137
	23. The atmosphere is relaxed during lectures	2.68	2.47	2.57	−2.503	0.012*
	30. There are opportunities for me to develop interpersonal skills	2.26	2.36	2.31	−1.388	0.165
	33. I feel comfortable in class socially	2.52	2.45	2.48	−0.814	0.416
	34. The atmosphere is relaxed during seminars/tutorials	2.55	2.53	2.54	−0.245	0.807
	35. I find the experience disappointing ^#	1.83	2.23	2.03	−4.721	0.000*
	36. I am able to concentrate well	2.34	2.40	2.37	−1.278	0.201
	42. The enjoyment outweighs the stress of the course	2.14	2.12	2.13	−0.291	0.771
	43. The atmosphere motivates me as a learner	2.35	2.20	2.27	−1.305	0.192
	49. I feel able to ask the questions I want	2.60	2.46	2.53	−0.966	0.334
SSP	3. There is a good support system for students who get stressed	2.33	2.48	2.41	−2.294	0.022*
	4. I am too tired to enjoy this course ^#	1.58	1.63	1.61	−0.635	0.526
	14. I am rarely bored on this school	2.20	2.06	2.13	−1.482	0.138
	15. I have good friends in this school	2.83	3.09	2.96	−3.112	0.002*
	19. My social life is good	2.46	2.33	2.40	−1.449	0.147
	28. I seldom feel lonely	2.18	2.07	2.12	−1.230	0.219
	46. My accommodation is pleasant	2.41	2.46	2.44	−1.028	0.304

Notes: ^#Negative statements, *Significant at <0.05.

Abbreviations: FE, Fischer’s exact test; DREEM, Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure; SPL, student’s perceptions of learning; SPT, student’s perceptions of teachers; SAP, student’s academic self-perceptions; SPA, student’s perceptions of atmosphere; SSP, student’s social self-perception.