Table3.
Fatty acid profile of 116 ICU patients comparing COVID versus non-COVID patients (Left side) and experimental animal data comparing control mice versus mice administered linoleic acid (LA) or palmitic acid (PA) on the right side
| Variable | Non-COVID (77) | COVID-19 (39) | p value | Control mice | LA (200mg/Kg) mice | PA (333mg/Kg) mice | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Myristic acid (μM) | 8.6 (5.7–11.2) | 6.7 (5.3–10) | 0.11 | 5.9 (4.9–7.8) | 6.7 (6.1–8.3) | 8.7 (7.0–13.9.5) | >0.1 |
| Palmitic acid(μM) | 136 (114–186) | 151 (116–217) | 0.24 | 159 (148–200) | 177(156–182) | 142 (114–224) | >0.6 |
| Palmitoleic acid(μM) | 16.3 (9.6–28.6) | 16.8 (9.7–24.1) | 0.89 | 16.9 (9.1–25.9) | 20.4 (18.1–22.9) | 19.5 (12.9–31.5) | >0.5 |
| Stearic acid(μM) | 49.1 (37–58.7) | 47.4 (38.4–56.1) | 0.88 | 47.8 (38.3–57.9) | 33.1 (29.5–42.0) | 42.7 (35.3–49.2) | ≥0.1 |
| Oleic acid(μM) | 226 (173–293) | 243 (190–310) | 0.27 | 75.1 (65.0–83.5) | 99.0 (75.5–123) | 77.0 (63.0–90.0) | >0.1 |
| Linoleic acid (μM) | 84.3 (60.3–110.4) | 112.8 (76.2–148.5)∗ | 0.002 | 119.0 (92.7–162) | 442 (229–536) ∗ | 131(122–212) | <0.001 |
| Arachidonic acid(μM) | 4 (3.2–5.3) | 5.3 (3.7–6.2)∗ | 0.01 | 5.9 (4.6–6.3) | 8.7 (7.8–9.1) ∗ | 8.3 (7.5–9.4) ∗ | <0.001 |
| %UFA | 62.6 (60.2–64.9) | 63.8 (62.5–66.3)∗ | 0.02 | 48.2 (40.1–67.6) | 69.0 (59.3–73.6) ∗ | 43.2 (39.9–49.3) | <0.001 |
| Unbound FA(μM) | 3.81 (2.9–5.7) | 4.75 (2.4–8.4) | 0.25 | 5.4 (4.5–5.7) | 19.4 (16.0–21.0)∗ | 5.4 (4.8–6.9) | <0.001 |
UFA: unsaturated fatty acids, FA: fatty acid. ∗ Significantly different from control group.