Extended Data Fig. 6. Examples of percentage change in some of the most significant longitudinal group comparison results from the exploratory approach.
Four amongst the top IDPs consistently showing longitudinal differences between SARS-CoV-2 cases and controls. All demonstrate either a greater reduction in local or global brain thickness and volume, or an increase in CSF volume. For each four IDP are the percentage changes with age for the two groups, obtained by normalising ΔIDP using as baseline the values for the corresponding IDPs across the 785 scans (created using a 10-year sliding window across cases and controls, with standard errors in grey). The counterintuitive increase in thickness in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex in older controls has been previously consistently reported in studies of ageing, together with that of the orbitofrontal cortex57,58.