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. 2022 Apr 27;5:391. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03277-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a The red fluorescent protein (RFP) dsRed in VSV-∆P was replaced with firefly luciferase, generating VSV-∆P-Luc. Similar to the previous inhibition-on assay, addition of an inhibitor facilitates viral replication and gene expression. (dashed boxes separate schematics of molecular mechanism occurring in untreated (− protease inhibitor) versus treated (+ protease inhibitor) cells). b 293T cells were transiently transfected with the SARS-CoV-2 inhibition-on plasmid and treated with either PF-00835231 or PF-07321332/nirmatrelvir and VSV-∆P-Luc. (n = 3 biologically independent replicates per condition with average values represented by histogram bars; negative control (neg) = average of transfected cells of each construct without inhibitor). c BHK21 stably transduced with bat coronavirus HKU9 (BatCoV) and MERS main proteases were tested with GC376, boceprevir, and PF-07321332/nirmatrelvir. (n = 2 biologically independent replicates per condition with average values represented by histogram bars; negative control (neg) = average of transfected cells of each construct without inhibitor; dashed lines separate differently transduced cells).