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. 2022 Feb 24;13(6):1701–1716. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.02.013

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© 2022 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Autophagy-associated miR-29a secretion into circulation is a biomarker of fibrosis. MicroRNA-29a levels in 85 biopsy specimens that represent different stages of inflammation (G1–G3) and fibrosis (F0–F4) (A). Localization of the LC3 protein (brown) in SMA-positive myofibroblastic cells (red) was found mainly in fibrotic septa (closed arrows). LC3-positive hepatocytes are shown by open arrows (B). MicroRNA-29a levels in 56 serum samples including 12 healthy volunteers and 44 patients with different grades of inflammation (G1–G3) or different stages of fibrosis (F1–F4) (C). Whereas hepatic miR-29a levels were significantly reduced in biopsies of fibrotic livers (P = .041) (A), the circulating miR-29a was distinctly increased in serum samples of patients with chronic hepatitis C (P = .004), depending on the severity of fibrosis (F2–F4) (C). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for serum miR-29a as the continuous variable and inflammation (G1–3) or progression of fibrosis (F1/F2–F4) as target variables is shown in (D). (P value ∗<.05, ∗∗<.001).