Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of obese and non-obese pregnant women.
| Characteristic | Not matched | P value | Matched | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obese (n = 1,048,323) |
Non-Obese (n = 17,638,894) |
Obese (n = 972,620) |
Non-Obese (n = 970,175) |
|||
| Age in years, mean (SE) | 28.5 (0.03) | 28.0 (0.03) | < 0.001 | 28.2 (0.03) | 28.2 (0.03) | 0.602 |
| Race, % (SE) | < 0.001 | 0.050 | ||||
| White | 47.2% (0.6) | 53.2% (0.5) | 46.3% (1.6) | 47.5% (1.4) | ||
| Black | 23.3% (0.5) | 13.9% (0.2) | 24.0% (1.6) | 23.0% (1.2) | ||
| Hispanic | 22.4% (0.5) | 21.5% (0.4) | 23.6% (1.5) | 23.4% (1.2) | ||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 2.1% (0.1) | 5.5% (0.2) | 1.9% (0.3) | 2.4% (0.4) | ||
| Native American | 1.1% (0.1) | 0.78% (0.1) | 0.9% (0.1) | 0.5% (0.1) | ||
| Other | 3.6% (0.2) | 4.8% (0.2) | 3.3% (0.4) | 3.2% (0.3) | ||
| Insurance type, % (SE) | < 0.001 | 0.229 | ||||
| Medicare | 1.3% (0.05) | 0.65% (0.0) | 1.2% (0.2) | 1.0% (0.2) | ||
| Medicaid | 50.6% (0.5) | 43.4% (0.4) | 49.7% (1.6) | 50.1% (1.2) | ||
| Private insurance | 44.0% (0.6) | 50.1% (0.4) | 45.2% (1.7) | 45.3% (1.3) | ||
| Self-pay | 1.4% (0.1) | 2.6% (0.1) | 1.4% (0.2) | 1.4% (0.1) | ||
| No chargea | 0.08% (0.0) | 0.12% (0.0) | 0.2% (0.1) | 0.1% (0.1) | ||
| Otherb | 2.4% (0.1) | 2.9% (0.1) | 2.4% (0.3) | 2.0% (0.2) | ||
| Median household income for patient’s zip code, % (SE) | < 0.001 | 0.489 | ||||
| Quartile 1 | 32.5% (0.6) | 27.4% (0.4) | 32.5% (1.7) | 33.7% (1.4) | ||
| Quartile 2 | 26.5% (0.3) | 24.9% (0.3) | 24.9% (0.8) | 24.6% (0.8) | ||
| Quartile 3 | 24.7% (0.3) | 25.1% (0.3) | 25.9% (1.0) | 25.1% (0.8) | ||
| Quartile 4 | 16.0% (0.4) | 22.4% (0.5) | 16.6% (1.3) | 16.6% (1.2) | ||
| Elective admission, % (SE) | 47.6% (0.9) | 50.0% (0.8) | < 0.001 | 47.3% (2.5) | 47.1% (2.1) | 0.852 |
| Multiple births, % (SE) | 2.3% (0.0) | 1.8% (0.01) | < 0.001 | 2.4% (0.1) | 2.1% (0.1) | 0.014 |
| Previous cesarean delivery, % (SE) | 26.4% (0.1) | 16.6% (0.1) | < 0.001 | 26.4% (0.3) | 26.7% (0.3) | 0.395 |
| Preexisting diabetes mellitus, % (SE) | 4.4% (0.1) | 0.82% (0.0) | < 0.001 | 4.5% (0.2) | 3.9% (0.1) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic renal disease, % (SE) | 0.56% (0.0) | 0.25% (0.0) | < 0.001 | 0.6% (0.0) | 0.5% (0.0) | 0.050 |
| Preexisting hypertension, % (SE) | 10.4% (0.1) | 1.8% (0.01) | < 0.001 | 10.4% (0.4) | 10.4% (0.3) | 0.877 |
| Depression, % (SE) | 5.1% (0.1) | 2.1% (0.0) | < 0.001 | 4.8% (0.2) | 4.6% (0.2) | 0.338 |
| Alcohol or substance abuse, % (SE) | 2.3% (0.1) | 1.7% (0.0) | < 0.001 | 2.1% (0.2) | 1.9% (0.1) | 0.133 |
| Psychiatric disordersc, % (SE) | 5.3% (0.1) | 2.3% (0.0) | < 0.001 | 4.5% (0.2) | 4.4% (0.2) | 0.492 |
| Liver disease, % (SE) | 0.3% (0.0) | 0.1% (0.0) | < 0.001 | 0.3% (0.0) | 0.2% (0.0) | 0.084 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, % (SE) | 9.4% (0.1) | 3.5% (0.1) | < 0.001 | 9.1% (0.3) | 9.4% (0.3) | 0.281 |
aCare provided as charity, courtesy, or free of charge.
bThis category includes Worker’s Compensation, the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services, the Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs, Title V, and other government programs.
cIncludes anxiety, adjustment, eating, mood, personality, and psychotic disorders.