Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to severity of LUTS.
| None to mild | Moderate | Severe | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 3827 (71.5) | 1317 (24.6) | 211 (3.9) | |
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 52.4 ± 8.8 | 56.5 ± 9.4 | 59.0 ± 9.7 | < 0.001 |
| Body weight, kg, mean ± SD | 72.4 ± 10.4 | 70.7 ± 9.9 | 69.3 ± 10.4 | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 24.7 ± 2.9 | 24.4 ± 2.9 | 24.2 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm, mean ± SD | 87.1 ± 8.2 | 87.0 ± 8.1 | 87.3 ± 8.6 | 0.858 |
| Marital status, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Yes | 3449 (90.1) | 1161 (88.2) | 164 (77.7) | |
| Others | 354 (9.3) | 140 (10.6) | 44 (20.9) | |
| Unknown | 24 (0.6) | 16 (1.2) | 3 (1.4) | |
| Job, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| Office-worker | 2678 (70.0) | 752 (57.1) | 90 (42.7) | |
| Others | 1028 (26.9) | 504 (38.3) | 103 (48.8) | |
| Unknown | 121 (2.3) | 61 (4.6) | 18 (8.5) | |
| Monthly income, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| < $2684 | 3221 (84.2) | 985 (74.8) | 127 (60.2) | |
| ≥ $2684 | 455 (11.9) | 250 (19.0) | 67 (31.8) | |
| Unknown | 151 (3.9) | 82 (6.2) | 17 (8.1) | |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 1169 (30.5) | 380 (28.9) | 68 (32.2) | 0.414 |
| Amount of smoking, PY, mean ± SD | 11.6 ± 13.7 | 14.8 ± 16.7 | 19.0 ± 19.5 | < 0.001 |
| Drinking, g/week, mean ± SD | 0.310 | |||
| 0 g/week | 997 (26.1) | 354 (26.9) | 60 (28.4) | |
| > 0 and < 100 g/week | 875 (22.9) | 291 (22.1) | 43 (20.4) | |
| ≥ 100 g/week | 1876 (49.0) | 649 (49.3) | 99 (46.9) | |
| Unknown | 79 (2.1) | 23 (1.7) | 9 (4.3) | |
| ln (MET), mean ± SD | 5.6 ± 3.0 | 5.6 ± 3.0 | 3.0 ± 5.0 | 0.015 |
| Metabolic syndrome, n (%) | 1395 (36.5) | 516 (39.2) | 85 (40.3) | 0.137 |
| Central obesity, n (%) | 1419 (37.1) | 468 (35.5) | 80 (37.9) | 0.567 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2355 (61.5) | 800 (60.7) | 132 (62.6) | 0.824 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 1370 (35.8) | 502 (38.1) | 90 (42.7) | 0.058 |
| Triglyceridemia, n (%) | 1521 (39.7) | 567 (43.1) | 86 (40.8) | 0.108 |
| Decreased HDL, n (%) | 1126 (29.4) | 476 (36.1) | 69 (32.7) | < 0.001 |
| Sleep disorder, n (%) | 1725 (45.4) | 802 (61.6) | 154 (74.4) | < 0.001 |
| Stress, n (%) | 1160 (30.3) | 541 (41.1) | 115 (54.5) | < 0.001 |
| PSA, mL, mean ± SD | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 1.9 ± 5.1 | 2.6 ± 4.4 | < 0.001 |
| Prostate size, cc, mean ± SD (n = 827) | 25.2 ± 7.8 | 25.5 ± 7.8 | 28.9 ± 13.1 | 0.001 |