. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2021 Oct 28;43(5):e304–e311. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000001029

Table 3.

Results of Kangaroo Care by Socioeconomic Status group.

		Higher	Lower	F	p	η _p ²
		M (SD)	M (SD)
Kangaroo Care
Rate (minutes/day)^a		45 (25)	20 (17)	37.34	<0.001	0.25
	(controlled for GA at birth)			36.36	<0.001	0.24
	(controlled for Language)			24.08	<0.001	0.18
Frequency (%)^b		45 (20)	23 (16)	42.68	<0.001	0.27
	(controlled for GA at birth)			43.44	<0.001	0.28
	(controlled for Language)			32.77	<0.001	0.23
Duration (minutes)^c		96 (26)	71 (33)	21.05	<0.001	0.16
	(controlled for GA at birth)			18.17	<0.001	0.14
	(controlled for Language)			10.73	<0.001	0.09

Abbreviations: KC = Kangaroo Care; GA = gestational age; M = mean; SEM = standard deviation; bold = significant.

Rate = KC total minutes/family visitation days

Frequency = KC days/family visitation days

Duration = KC total minutes/KC days