Table 4.
Prevalence of reported menstrual symptoms for progestin-only and combined hormonal contraceptive (HC) users, and for all HC users and non-HC users.
| Symptoms | Progestin-only HC users (n = 12) | Combined HC users (n = 18) | All HC users (n = 30) | Non-HC users (n = 25) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Frequency
(n) |
Prevalence,
% |
Frequency
(n) |
Prevalence,
% |
Frequency
(n) |
Prevalence,
% |
Frequency
(n) |
Prevalence,
% |
|
| Physical | ||||||||
| Stomach cramps/abdominal pain | 6 | 50 | 16 | 89 | 22 | 73 | 13 | 52 |
| Back pain | 4 | 33 | 5 | 28 | 9 | 30 | 11 | 44 |
| Heavy bleeding | 4 | 33 | 4 | 22 | 8 | 27 | 4 | 16 |
| Tiredness/fatigue/lethargy | 2 | 17 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 10 | 4 | 16 |
| Nausea/sickness/vomiting | 0 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 16 |
| Unspecified pain/cramps | 2 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 12 |
| Bloating/Other stomach problems | 2 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 12 |
| Reduced physical fitness | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 |
| Muscle- and/or joint ache | 2 | 17 | 2 | 11 | 4 | 13 | 2 | 8 |
| Sweating/hot flushes | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Hunger/increased appetite | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Sore breasts | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| Headache | 1 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
| Emotional | ||||||||
| Mood changes/swings | 4 | 33 | 3 | 17 | 7 | 23 | 9 | 36 |
| Demotivated/sad/depressed | 1 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 8 |
| Flustered/Unfocused | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 8 |