Table 6. Factors associated with death, adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, prospective cohort study of survival in children with hypoxaemia and/or hypoglycaemia on referral, Malawi, 2019–2020.
| Factor | Hazard of deatha,b |
|
|---|---|---|
| aHR (95% CI)c | P | |
| Blood oxygen level | ||
| Normoxaemiad | Reference | NA |
| Moderate hypoxaemiad | 1.27 (0.40 to 3.97) | 0.648 |
| Severe hypoxaemiad | 4.05 (1.65 to 9.94) | 0.002 |
| Missing data | 1.84 (0.24 to 14.08) | 0.559 |
| Blood glucose concentration | ||
| Normoglycaemiad | Reference | NA |
| Moderate hypoglycaemiad | 2.04 (0.54 to 7.64) | 0.291 |
| Severe hypoglycaemiad | 7.60 (2.07 to 27.92) | 0.002 |
| Missing datae | ND | ND |
| Danger signsf | ||
| No | Reference | NA |
| Yes | 2.51 (0.84 to 7.50) | 0.098 |
| Severely underweight | ||
| No | Reference | NA |
| Yes | 1.45 (0.67 to 3.18) | 0.347 |
| Hospital admission | ||
| No | Reference | NA |
| Yes | 1.20 (0.53 to 2.73) | 0.659 |
| Sex | ||
| Male | Reference | NA |
| Female | 1.19 (0.50 to 2.84) | 0.700 |
| Age | ||
| 5–12 years | Reference | NA |
| 12–59 months | 0.72 (0.22 to 2.32) | 0.579 |
| 2–11 months | 1.07 (0.28 to 4.05) | 0.924 |
| < 2 months | 2.98 (0.68 to 13.12) | 0.149 |
aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; NA: not applicable; ND: not determined.
a The analysis included data on 776 children.
b The hazard of death between study recruitment and 14 days after hospital discharge or the last clinical visit.
c The proportional hazards assumption was tested using Schoenfeld residuals and was found not to be violated (P-value: 0.201).
d Definitions of normoxaemia, hypoxaemia, normoglycaemia and hypoglycaemia are given in Box 1.
e As all eight children with missing data survived, they were dropped from the model because of perfect prediction.
f Danger signs are described in Box 1.