Table 3.
The Accuracy of PyloriAR Next-Generation Sequencing in Determining the Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues
| Antibiotics | PyloriAR NGS, FFPE results | Culture (MIC) |
Sensitivity, % | Specificity, % | Predictive value, % |
Accuracy, % | Agreement, k coefficient | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (+) | (−) | PPV | NPV | ||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Clarithromycin | (+) | 28 | 8 | ||||||
| Total n = 170 | (−) | 2 | 132 | 93.3 | 94.3 | 77.8 | 98.5 | 94.1 | 0.81236 (P < .0001) |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | 77.9–99.2 | 89–97.5 | 63.9–87.3 | 94.5–99.6 | 89.4–97.1 | 0.70076 to 0.92396 |
| Amoxicillin | (+) | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| Total n = 170 | (−) | 7 | 162 | 12.5 | 100 | 100 | 95.9 | 95.9 | 0.21400 (P = .0051) |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | 0.3–52.6 | 97.7–100.0 | — | 94.7–96.8 | 91.7–98.3 | −0.13849 to 0.56649 |
| Metronidazole | (+) | 68 | 10 | ||||||
| Total n = 170 | (−) | 29 | 63 | 70.1 | 86.3 | 87.2 | 68.5 | 77.1 | 0.54645 (P < .0001) |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | 60–79 | 76.2–93.2 | 79–92.5 | 61.2–74.9 | 70.0–83.1 | 0.42443 to 0.66847 |
| Rifabutin | (+) | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Total n = 170 | (−) | 0 | 170 | — | 100.0 | — | 100.0 | — | — |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | — | 97.8–100.0 | — | — | — | — |
| Levofloxacin | (+) | 29 | 3 | ||||||
| Total n = 57 | (−) | 4 | 21 | 87.9 | 87.5 | 90.6 | 84.0 | 87.7 | 0.74953 (P < .0001) |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | 71.8–96.6 | 67.6–97.3 | 76.9–96.6 | 67.4–93 | 76.3–94.9 | 0.57597 to 0.92308 |
| Tetracycline | (+) | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Total n = 57 | (−) | 1 | 56 | 0.0 | 100.0 | — | 98.2 | 98.2 | — |
| 95% CI | — | — | — | 0.0–97.5 | 93.6–100.0 | — | 98.2–98.2 | 90.6–100 | — |
(+), resistant; (−), sensitive; CI, confidence interval.