Table 2. Association Between SES Measures and Initial Stroke Severity Indexes.

Model covariable	Median income and initial stroke severity indexes (n = 1098)				ADI and initial stroke severity indexes (n = 943)
	Infarct volume		NIHSS score		Infarct volume		NIHSS score
	Standardized β (95% CI)	P value	Standardized β (95% CI)	P value	Standardized β (95% CI)	P value	Standardized β (95% CI)	P value
None (unadjusted)	−0.075 (−0.134 to −0.016)	.01	−0.112 (−0.172 to −0.053)	<.001	0.029 (0.005 to 0.053)	.02	0.055 (0.031 to 0.079)	<.001
Age, sex, and race and ethnicity	−0.075 (−0.134 to −0.016)	.01	−0.104 (−0.164 to −0.044)	.001	0.029 (0.005 to 0.053)	.02	0.059 (0.035 to 0.083)	<.001
Stroke risk factorsa	−0.074 (−0.127 to −0.020)	.007	−0.113 (−0.171 to −0.054)	<.001	0.028 (0.007 to 0.050)	.01	0.056 (0.032 to 0.079)	<.001
Atherosclerotic risk factorsb	−0.068 (−0.123 to −0.014)	.01	−0.111 (−0.171 to −0.052)	<.001	0.029 (0.007 to 0.051)	.009	0.058 (0.034 to 0.082)	<.001
Prestroke medicationsc	−0.075 (−0.134 to −0.016)	.01	−0.113 (−0.173 to −0.053)	<.001	0.028 (0.004 to 0.052)	.02	0.055 (0.031 to 0.079)	<.001
Time from symptom onset to admission	−0.073 (−0.140 to −0.007)	.03	−0.111 (−0.175 to −0.046)	.001	0.029 (0.002 to 0.056)	.04	0.054 (0.028 to 0.080)	<.001
Health insurance	−0.075 (−0.134 to −0.016)	.01	−0.113 (−0.173 to −0.053)	<.001	0.029 (0.005 to 0.053)	.02	0.055 (0.031 to 0.079)	<.001
All covariables combined	−0.067 (−0.126 to −0.008)	.03	−0.098 (−0.161 to −0.034)	.003	0.027 (0.003 to 0.050)	.03	0.049 (0.023 to 0.075)	<.001

Abbreviations: ADI, area deprivation index; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SES, socioeconomic status.

^a Includes age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, history of stroke or TIA, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure.

^b Includes age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

^c Includes antiplatelets, statins, and anticoagulants.