TABLE 4.
Multi-level model results (Examining American Adult’s Mental Well and Ill-Being During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic Using a Self-Determination Theory Perspective, United States, 2020).
| Hedonic wellbeing | Multi-faceted wellbeing | Perceived stress | Depressive outlook | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) | |
| Intercept | 3.47 (0.14)* | 3.42 (0.10)* | 2.63 (0.08)* | 3.25 (0.13)* |
| Time | 0.11 (0.05)* | 0.07 (0.03)* | −0.06 (0.03)* | −0.02 (0.05) |
| Autonomy satisfaction | 0.12 (0.04)* | 0.10 (0.03)* | −0.05 (0.02)* | −0.11 (0.04)* |
| Competence satisfaction | 0.12 (0.05)* | 0.09 (0.04)* | −0.06 (0.03) | −0.14 (0.05)* |
| Relatedness satisfaction | 0.13 (0.05)* | 0.11 (0.04)* | −0.03 (0.03) | −0.05 (0.05) |
| Autonomy frustration | −0.06 (0.04) | −0.11 (0.04)* | 0.11 (0.04)* | 0.15 (0.06)* |
| Competence frustration | −0.06 (0.05) | −0.09 (0.05)* | 0.16 (0.04)* | 0.14 (0.07)* |
| Relatedness frustration | −0.06 (0.04) | −0.05 (0.04) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.14 (0.05)* |
| COVID-19 experience | 0.05 (0.04) | −0.00 (0.03) | −0.02 (0.03) | −0.04 (0.04) |
Note: *p ≤ 0.051. Coefficients with robust standard errors are reported.