Table 1. Characteristics of Women Who Did Not Own Guns by Exposure to Handguns Through Cohabitants.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Women residing with handgun ownersa | Women residing with adults who did not own handguns | |
| Total female cohabitants | 331 968 | 9 214 061 |
| Age, yb | ||
| Mean | 40 | 42 |
| Median (range) | 41 (18-109) | 40 (18-109) |
| Race and ethnicityc | ||
| Asian | 15 724 (4.7) | 811 540 (8.8) |
| Black | 13 705 (4.1) | 636 130 (6.9) |
| Hispanic | 54 815 (16.5) | 2 171 630 (23.6) |
| White | 246 201 (74.2) | 5 523 900 (60.0) |
| Otherd | 378 (0.1) | 17 629 (0.2) |
| Missing/unknown | 1145 (0.3) | 53 232 (0.6) |
| No. of household adult residentse | ||
| 2 | 181 544 (54.7) | 5 523 883 (60.0) |
| 3 | 95 328 (28.7) | 2 428 704 (26.4) |
| 4 | 55 096 (16.6) | 1 261 474 (13.7) |
| Participant owned ≥1 registered long gunsf | 4 (0) | 274 (0) |
| ≥1 Cohabitants owned ≥1 registered long gunsf | 633 (0.2) | 3921 (0) |
| Residential locationg | ||
| Urban | 281 541 (84.8) | 8 377 983 (90.9) |
| Suburban | 35 399 (10.7) | 595 510 (6.5) |
| Large rural town | 8908 (2.7) | 144 942 (1.6) |
| Small rural town | 6120 (1.8) | 95 599 (1.0) |
| Missing/unknown | 0 | 27 (<0.1) |
Women were included in this group if they resided with handgun owners at any time while under observation.
Values refer to cohort members’ age on the first day they came under observation.
The California Statewide Voter Registration Database does not contain information on registrants’ race and ethnicity. Because suicide rates and rates of firearm ownership vary by race and ethnicity, race and ethnicity data for all LongSHOT cohort members were imputed using a package developed by Imai and Khanna15 for use in voter data. See section VI in the eAppendix in the Supplement.
Other includes American Indian and Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander, some other race or ethnicity, and 2 or more races or ethnicities as defined in the 2010 US Census Summary File 1.17 Groups were consolidated because of low numbers.
Number of household adult residents is based on the number of adults in the LongSHOT12 data set who matched on address and date with the household of the cohort member when she came under observation.
California’s Dealer Record of Sale retained records of long gun transfers after 2014.
Categories for residential locations are based on rural-urban commuting area codes (section VI in the eAppendix in the Supplement). Values refer to cohort members’ residential location on the day they entered the cohort. Missing values arose from census tracts that could not be mapped to rural-urban commuting area codes from the 2010 US Census. Because our analyses were stratified by census tract, we did not adjust for urbanicity; these values are for descriptive purposes only.