Table 1.
Characteristics of participants according to insulin resistance and NAFLD status.
| Non-NAFLD | NAFLD | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| without IR (n=7) | with IR (n=8) | (n=16) | |
| Age (years) | 14 ± 1.4 | 14.1 ± 2.4 | 14.1 ± 2.1 |
| Sex (Male : Female) | 4:3 | 4:4 | 8:8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 35.7 ± 5.5 | 36.2 ± 4.7 | 37.1 ± 4.5 |
| BMI percentile | 99 ± 0.64 | 98.9 ± 0.62 | 99.5 ± 1.04 |
| IHTG (%) | 2.9 ± 1.3 | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 13.1 ± 7a, b |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 88 ± 11 | 94 ± 9 | 93 ± 10 |
| Insulin (µIU/mL) | 15.2 ± 3.1 | 27.6 ± 7.5a | 52.2 ± 33.3a, b |
| HOMA-IR | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 6.3 ± 1.7a | 12.4 ± 8.5a, b |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 42 ± 29 | 56 ± 20 | 51 ± 24 |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 6.5 ± 3.8 | 7.4 ± 2.9 | 8.2 ± 5.2 |
| FGF21 (pg/mL) | 181 ± 164 | 202 ± 136 | 242 ± 174 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 67 ± 27 | 126 ± 74 | 169 ± 61a |
| Total Chol (mg/dL) | 133 ± 10 | 165 ± 40 | 152 ± 24 |
| HDL-Chol (mg/dL) | 44 ± 6 | 40 ± 7 | 37 ± 7 |
| LDL-Chol (mg/dL) | 75 ± 7 | 101 ± 42 | 80 ± 21 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 34 ± 10 | 34 ± 22 | 47 ± 29 |
| AST (IU/L) | 26 ± 4 | 27 ± 8 | 33 ± 13 |
| GGT (IU/L) | 27 ± 10 | 20 ± 8 | 29 ± 13 |
| FFA (mmol/L) | 4.6 ± 1.9 | 4.3 ± 1.6 | 4.2 ± 1.7 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Significant differences between groups were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc all-pairwise comparison. Labeled (a or b) means difference for comparison of two groups following the ANOVA analysis. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; FFA, free fatty acids; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; IHTG, intrahepatic triglyceride. ap < 0.05 compared with non-NAFLD without IR group; bp < 0.05 compared with non-NAFLD with IR group.