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. 2022 Apr 14;13:856973. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.856973

Table 1.

Characteristics of participants according to insulin resistance and NAFLD status.

Non-NAFLD NAFLD
without IR (n=7) with IR (n=8) (n=16)
Age (years) 14 ± 1.4 14.1 ± 2.4 14.1 ± 2.1
Sex (Male : Female) 4:3 4:4 8:8
BMI (kg/m2) 35.7 ± 5.5 36.2 ± 4.7 37.1 ± 4.5
BMI percentile 99 ± 0.64 98.9 ± 0.62 99.5 ± 1.04
IHTG (%) 2.9 ± 1.3 3.4 ± 1.1 13.1 ± 7a, b
Glucose (mg/dL) 88 ± 11 94 ± 9 93 ± 10
Insulin (µIU/mL) 15.2 ± 3.1 27.6 ± 7.5a 52.2 ± 33.3a, b
HOMA-IR 3.3 ± 0.7 6.3 ± 1.7a 12.4 ± 8.5a, b
Leptin (pg/mL) 42 ± 29 56 ± 20 51 ± 24
Adiponectin (ng/mL) 6.5 ± 3.8 7.4 ± 2.9 8.2 ± 5.2
FGF21 (pg/mL) 181 ± 164 202 ± 136 242 ± 174
Triglyceride (mg/dL) 67 ± 27 126 ± 74 169 ± 61a
Total Chol (mg/dL) 133 ± 10 165 ± 40 152 ± 24
HDL-Chol (mg/dL) 44 ± 6 40 ± 7 37 ± 7
LDL-Chol (mg/dL) 75 ± 7 101 ± 42 80 ± 21
ALT (IU/L) 34 ± 10 34 ± 22 47 ± 29
AST (IU/L) 26 ± 4 27 ± 8 33 ± 13
GGT (IU/L) 27 ± 10 20 ± 8 29 ± 13
FFA (mmol/L) 4.6 ± 1.9 4.3 ± 1.6 4.2 ± 1.7

Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Significant differences between groups were determined by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc all-pairwise comparison. Labeled (a or b) means difference for comparison of two groups following the ANOVA analysis. ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; FFA, free fatty acids; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; IHTG, intrahepatic triglyceride. ap < 0.05 compared with non-NAFLD without IR group; bp < 0.05 compared with non-NAFLD with IR group.