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. 2022 Apr 14;13:872749. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.872749

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Copyright © 2022 Vogeleer and Létisse.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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SHX addition leads to severe growth inhibition and triggers ppGpp and pppGpp synthesis. (A) Growth curve of wild type P. putida KT2440 in M9 medium supplemented with 3 g⋅L^–1 glucose. SHX (0.2 mM) was added at t = 0 min. The growth phases are delimited by vertical dashed lines: before t = 0, initial exponential growth; from 0 to 60 min, growth arrest; from 60 to 150 min, second growth phase; after 150 min, stationary phase. Intracellular concentrations (micromoles per gram of cell dry weight—μmol g_CDW^–1) of (B) ppGpp, (C) pppGpp and (D) (p)ppGpp (ppGpp + pppGpp) from 0 to 180 min. The results obtained from the other biological replicates are shown in Supplementary Figure 1.