Table 2.
Baseline characteristics according to different levels of serum phosphorus among patients with coronary heart disease
| Characteristics | Serum phosphorus (mmol/L) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤1.01 | 1.02–1.15 | 1.16–1.29 | >1.29 | ||
| Male (%) | 78.8 | 67.3 | 56.6 | 48.6 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 64.8 (0.39) | 65.2 (0.39) | 64.5 (0.39) | 62.2 (0.39) | <0.001 |
| Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.24 (0.01) | 2.27 (0.01) | 2.29 (0.01) | 2.29 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.8 (0.12) | 24.0 (0.12) | 24.1 (0.12) | 24.1 (0.12) | 0.19 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134 (0.77) | 136 (0.77) | 136 (0.78) | 136 (0.78) | 0.26 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.6 (0.45) | 78.0 (0.45) | 78.3 (0.45) | 78.5 (0.45) | 0.46 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.93 (0.03) | 2.97 (0.03) | 3.04 (0.04) | 3.01 (0.04) | 0.12 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.11 (0.01) | 1.16 (0.01) | 1.18 (0.01) | 1.13 (0.01) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.71 (0.05) | 1.71 (0.05) | 1.85 (0.05) | 2.12 (0.05) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.66 (0.04) | 4.75 (0.04) | 4.90 (0.04) | 4.88 (0.04) | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 6.82 (0.10) | 6.55 (0.10) | 6.49 (0.10) | 6.57 (0.10) | 0.10 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min per 1.73 m2, %) | <0.001 | ||||
| ≥90 | 22.9 | 21.1 | 18.0 | 22.6 | |
| 60–89 | 50.6 | 52.2 | 54.0 | 44.2 | |
| 30–59 | 25.4 | 24.8 | 27.4 | 28.3 | |
| <30 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 4.9 | |
| Types of coronary heart disease (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 64.3 | 54.0 | 52.2 | 56.4 | |
| Stable coronary heart disease | 35.7 | 46.0 | 47.8 | 43.6 | |
| Married (%) | 74.5 | 79.8 | 78.9 | 78.5 | 0.051 |
| Years of education (%) | 0.89 | ||||
| ≤9 | 65.7 | 66.5 | 69.4 | 67.8 | |
| 10–12 | 17.2 | 16.0 | 14.7 | 15.9 | |
| ≥13 | 17.2 | 17.5 | 15.9 | 16.3 | |
| Smoking (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Never | 54.4 | 60.8 | 64.2 | 67.2 | |
| Past | 11.2 | 11.3 | 9.9 | 7.0 | |
| Current | 34.4 | 27.9 | 25.9 | 28.5 | |
| Alcohol drinking (%) | 0.001 | ||||
| Never | 78.9 | 84.4 | 86.0 | 86.9 | |
| Past | 6.1 | 4.8 | 3.7 | 2.8 | |
| Current | 15.1 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 10.3 | |
| Leisure-time physical activity (%) | 0.002 | ||||
| None | 19.0 | 17.3 | 13.5 | 13.8 | |
| <30 min/day | 11.8 | 8.7 | 10.8 | 10.6 | |
| ≥30 min/day | 24.8 | 20.6 | 22.3 | 20.6 | |
| No data | 44.4 | 53.4 | 53.3 | 55.1 | |
| History of diseases (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 78.7 | 76.0 | 77.3 | 74.2 | 0.18 |
| Diabetes | 23.8 | 21.7 | 23.4 | 24.5 | 0.59 |
| Uses of medications before admission (%) | |||||
| Antihypertensive medication | 47.7 | 51.9 | 53.5 | 49.7 | 0.12 |
| Glucose-lowering medication | 15.9 | 15.1 | 17.6 | 18.8 | 0.22 |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 9.9 | 10.7 | 10.2 | 12.6 | 0.39 |
| Antiplatelet medication | 16.7 | 14.4 | 16.4 | 15.0 | 0.56 |
The values are mean (SE) or percentage. Continuous variables are adjusted for age, except for age