Table 4.
Bi-Variable and Multi-Variable Logistic Regression of Factors Associated with Dietary Diversity Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in the Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2021
| Variables | Dietary Diversity | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimal | Sub-Optimal | |||
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 81 | 321 | 1 | 1 |
| Rural | 23 | 243 | 2.66 (1.63, 4.36) | 1.91 (1.01, 3.62)a |
| Level of education | ||||
| No formal education | 11 | 177 | 7.43 (3.52, 15.67) | 5.51 (1.96, 15.53)a |
| Primary school | 27 | 203 | 3.47 (1.92, 6.26) | 2.48 (0.98, 6.22) |
| Secondary school | 36 | 119 | 1.53 (0.86, 2.70) | 1.51 (0.67, 3.38) |
| College and above | 30 | 65 | 1 | 1 |
| Occupation | ||||
| Housewife | 50 | 344 | 1 | 1 |
| Merchant | 17 | 64 | 1.91 (0.89, 4.09) | 0.56 (0.27, 1.17) |
| Government employed | 15 | 57 | 1.04 (0.43, 2.52) | 1.51 (0.82, 5.84) |
| Farmer | 12 | 63 | 1.05 (0.43, 2.60) | 1.13 (0.48, 2.64) |
| Others | 10 | 36 | 1.45 (0.57, 3.71) | 1.49 (0.56, 3.96) |
| Husbands occupation (n= 658) | ||||
| Farmer | 21 | 171 | 1 | 1 |
| Merchant | 27 | 111 | 0.50 (0.27, 0.93) | 1.50 (0.61, 3.66) |
| Government employed | 32 | 90 | 0.34 (0.18, 0.62) | 2.40 (0.76, 7.60) |
| Daily labourers | 10 | 63 | 0.76 (0.34, 1.70) | 0.69 (0.26, 1.88) |
| Others | 14 | 115 | 1.07 (0.53, 2.20) | 3.51 (1.32, 9.32) |
| Husbands education (n=658) | ||||
| No formal education | 12 | 140 | 4.23 (2.18, 8.17) | 4.31 (1.51, 12.33)a |
| Primary school | 22 | 182 | 3.52 (1.98, 6.24) | 4.78 (1.83, 12.51)a |
| Secondary school | 27 | 135 | 2.07 (1.19, 3.59) | 2.32 (1.03, 5.22)a |
| College and above | 41 | 99 | 1 | 1 |
| Craving for food | ||||
| Yes | 30 | 128 | 0.72 (0.45, 1.15) | 0.58 (0.33, 1.01) |
| No | 74 | 436 | 1 | 1 |
| Avoidance of certain food | ||||
| Yes | 13 | 136 | 2.22 (1.21, 4.10) | 3.05 (1.49, 6.25)a |
| No | 91 | 428 | 1 | 1 |
| Meal skip | ||||
| Yes | 9 | 179 | 4.91 (2.42, 9.94) | 5.18 (2.41, 11.13)a |
| No | 95 | 385 | 1 | 1 |
| Household food security | ||||
| Food secure | 75 | 323 | 1 | 1 |
| Mild food insecure | 20 | 111 | 1.29 (0.75, 2.21) | 1.22 (0.65, 2.30) |
| Moderate and severe food insecure | 9 | 130 | 3.35 (1.63, 6.89) | 2.44 (1.07, 5.59)a |
| Average Monthly income | ||||
| 1st quartile | 23 | 184 | 2.56 (1.44, 4.58) | 1.94 (1.40, 3.62)a |
| 2nd quartile | 23 | 140 | 1.95 (1.08, 3.51) | 1.45 (0.98, 2.01) |
| 3rd quartile | 24 | 134 | 1.79 (1.00, 3.20) | 1.22 (0.61, 2.44) |
| 4rth quartile | 34 | 106 | 1 | 1 |
| Nutritional education | ||||
| Yes | 71 | 321 | 0.51 (0.28, 0.82) | 0.61 (0.39, 0.95)a |
| No | 33 | 243 | 1 | 1 |
| Knowledge score | 0.89 (0.86, 0.94) | 0.92 (0.87, 0.98)a | ||
Note: Superscript “a” in the last column indicates significant association.
Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio.