. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 28.

Published in final edited form as: Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2022 Mar 16;27(3):99. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2703099

Table 1.

Predictive performance of CNN in k-fold cross validation GBM study.

Target PK model	Metric	Network 1	Network 2	Network 3	Network 4	Network 5	Network 6
Tofts Ktrans	RMSE	8.60 × 10⁻²	8.73 × 10⁻²	2.37 × 10⁻²	4.34 × 10⁻²	1.34 × 10⁻¹	7.05 × 10⁻²
Tofts Ktrans	nRMSE	1.28	1.04	1.02	0.83	1.26	0.76

Ex-Tofts Ktrans	RMSE	1.87 × 10⁻³	2.24 × 10⁻³	1.50 × 10⁻³	1.88 × 10⁻³	1.84 × 10⁻³	2.31 × 10⁻³
Ex-Tofts Ktrans	nRMSE	0.80	0.95	0.86	0.94	0.97	0.93

Ex-Tofts Vp	RMSE	1.72 × 10⁻²	2.36 × 10⁻²	1.58 × 10⁻²	1.88 × 10⁻²	2.04 × 10⁻²	2.27 × 10⁻²
Ex-Tofts Vp	nRMSE	0.86	0.81	1.04	0.90	0.81	1.38