Technical comparison of reported analytical methods for 4-NP detection.
| Analytical techniques | Dynamic range (μg mL−1) | Detection limit (μg mL−1) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| IP-SAMEa-HPLC | 0.0002–0.075 | 0.0001 | 23 |
| SPMEb-HPLC-UV | 0.01–30 | 0.0036 | 24 |
| Fluorescence | 0.051–13.7 | 0.026 | 25 |
| Fluorescence | 0.139–0.695 | 0.0062 | 26 |
| Electrochemical reduction | 0.014–16.68 | 0.00278 | 27 |
| Electrochemical reduction | 0.083–4.448 | 0.0072 | 28 |
| Electrochemical oxidation | 1.39–973 | 0.528 | This work |
a
IP-SAME: ion pair based surfactant-assisted microextraction.
b
SPME: solid-phase microextraction.