Fig. 2. Comparison between conventional double-plate EWOD device and floating top-electrode EWOD for moving one sample droplet from one electrode to another adjacent electrode. (a) Dimensions of a moving droplet over two adjacent electrodes. (b) An advanced equivalent circuit of a moving droplet, where the resistive elements are neglected. (c) Circuit connection for a conventional double-plate EWOD device. (d) Circuit connection for a floating top-electrode EWOD device. (e) Advanced equivalent circuit model for conventional grounded top-electrode connection as shown in (c). (f) Advanced equivalent circuit model for floating top-electrode connection as shown in (d).