Table 1.

Selected Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Urinary Tract Infection by Initial Antibiotic Agent

	First-Line Recommended Agents		Non–First-Line Recommended Agents			Nonrecommended Agents
Characteristic	Nitrofurantoin (n = 279 994)	TMP/SMX (n = 329 184)	Fluoroquinolone (n = 508 062)	Broad-Spectrum β-Lactam (n = 12 889)	Narrow-Spectrum β-Lactam (n = 31 178)	AMX/AMP (n = 7726)
Age, median (IQR), years	30 (23–37)	29 (22–37)	32 (24–39)	28 (20–36)	29 (21–36)	30 (23–37)
Region of residence
Northeast	14.0	13.9	13.7	14.9	8.9	19.1
Midwest	20.9	28.9	21.7	16.1	23.3	25.0
South	41.6	40.7	45.8	55.5	30.2	40.9
West	23.5	16.4	18.8	13.5	37.7	15.0
Provider specialty
Emergency medicine	6.9	7.2	7.4	9.1	19.2	3.0
Internal medicine	11.3	13.3	16.8	13.6	10.3	18.1
Family medicine and pediatrics NEC	32.2	40.0	38.2	40.9	30.3	41.5
OBGYN	14.2	4.3	4.2	4.0	5.1	5.4
MD/DO/NEC	6.1	7.5	6.2	5.0	7.0	6.8
Non-MD	5.5	6.7	4.7	3.7	2.9	3.4
Other	20.6	17.8	19.4	21.7	23.0	19.4
Unknown	3.2	3.3	3.0	2.0	2.2	2.5
Comorbid conditions
COPD	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.7
Deficiency anemias	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Depression	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.3
Drug/alcohol abuse	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hypertension	0.9	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2
Obesity	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.5
Psychoses	2.3	2.1	2.3	2.5	2.3	2.0

N = 1 169 033. Results are expressed as percentages unless otherwise indicated. Baseline covariates were assessed on the fill date of the index antibiotic prescription. Abbreviations: AMX/AMP, amoxicillin or ampicillin; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IQR, interquartile range; NEC, not elsewhere classified; OBGYN, obstetrics and gynecology; TMP/SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.