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. 2022 Apr 28;18(4):e1010167. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010167

Fig 2. S. Typhimurium chitinases are required for the colonization and invasion of small intestinal epithelial cells in vivo.

Fig 2

(A) Streptomycin pre-treatment mouse model of S. Typhimurium infection. (B) mRNA expression of S. Typhimurium chitinases extracted from colonic luminal samples collected 48 hpi. Expression is normalized to the housekeeping gene gmk. Expression is represented relative to mid-log expression in LB. n = 5. Bars represent mean ± SD. (C) Luminal samples from the terminal ileum were collected 48 hpi to determine S. Typhimurium colonization. Invasion was determined with a gentamicin protection assay performed on the terminal ileum. (D) S. Typhimurium colonies recovered from fecal samples collected at 8 and 24 hpi. Fecal samples at 48 hpi were collected directly from the lumen of the colon. Invasion of colonic tissue was determined with a gentamicin protection assay. Bars represent geometric mean ± geometric SD. Statistics: (B) one-sample t-test against our null hypothesis (relative expression = 1) (C-D) Stars indicate significance compared to the WT control by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. * = p<0.05, ** = p<0.01.