Semi-quantitative inhibition% of the biofilm formation for non-treated and treated pathogenic bacteria and Candida species with Bi2O3 NPs-Nystatina.
| Pathogenic microbes | O.D. of crystal violet staining at 570.0 nm (control) | O.D. of crystal violet staining at 570.0 nm (treated with Bi2O3 NPs-Nystatin; run 4) | Inhibition% |
|---|---|---|---|
| Candida albicans (1) | 2.548h ± 0.0017 | 0.150c ± 0.0005 | 94.15% |
| Candida albicans (25) | 0.850e ± 0.0010 | 0.560g ± 0.0113 | 34.17% |
| Candida albicans (33) | 0.669c ± 0.0023 | 0.127a ± 0.0011 | 81.01% |
| Candida tropicalis (1) | 0.495a ± 0.0023 | 0.165d ± 0.0015 | 66.66% |
| Candida tropicalis (22) | 0.514b ± 0.0010 | 0.201f ± 0.0015 | 60.89% |
| Escherichia coli | 0.977f ± 0.0005 | 0.148c ± 0.0010 | 84.85% |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2.767i ± 0.0060 | 0.905h ± 0.0026 | 67.25% |
| Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA | 0.748d ± 0.0023 | 0.137b ± 0.0020 | 81.68% |
| Bacillus cereus | 1.217g ± 0.0015 | 0.185e ± 0.0010 | 84.79% |
| LSD | 0.01273 | 0.01267 | — |
a
Values are the mean ± SD (n = 3). Data within the groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a–i Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT), and LSD = least significant differences.