Table 2.

REDEEM and its selected variables from LASSO-penalized logistic regression with model estimates.

Predictor	Model Estimate†	Assigned Scores
Triage information
Arrival via EMS (ambulance)	0.036	+1
Triage chief complaint of altered mental status	1.804	+18
ESI level ≥ 3	−0.266	−3
Low oxygen saturation (< 92%)	0.205	+2
Low systolic blood pressure (< 111 mmHg)	0.235	+2
High diastolic blood pressure (>99 mmHg)	0.114	+1
Respiratory rate
Low respiratory rate (<16 breaths per minute)	0.299	+3
High respiratory rate (> 24 breaths per minute)	0.583	+6
Early history taking
Confusion or disorientation identified during fall risk assessment*	2.464	+25
Altered elimination identified during fall risk assessment*]	0.826	+8
History of seizure disorders	0.436	+4
REDEEM Risk Score: ranges from −3 (lowest) to +66 (highest)

ESI, Emergency Severity Index.

^†These estimates give an idea of relative variable importance within the data. Positive values indicate a positive relationship with ED delirium and negative values indicate a negative relationship. The absolute magnitude of the model estimate indicates the strength of the association and importance of the predictor.

^*These two variables were part of the ED fall risk assessment and can be interpreted as being part of early history taking by ED nurses right after patients were roomed in the ED. Altered elimination is flagged by nurses in the presence of urinary or fecal signs or symptoms.