Fig. 1. Efferocytosis-induced TGFβ1 production requires phagolysosomal AC degradation and Ptgs2/COX2 induction.

a-h, Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) or human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) were pretreated with siRNAs for 72 h or inhibitors for 2 h, as indicated below. The cells were then incubated ± ACs for 45 min, after which noninternalized ACs were removed by rinsing. After an additional 1 or 6 h of incubation, the cells were assayed for Ptgs2 or Tgfb1 mRNA, respectively. a-b, BMDMs were transfected with scrambled RNA (Scr) or siRbcn. c-f, BMDMs or HMDMs were pretreated with vehicle or bafilomycin A1. g, BMDMs were transfected with Scr or siPtgs2. h, HMDMs were pretreated with vehicle or the COX2-specific inhibitor (NS-398). i, BMDMs were transfected with Scr or siPtges. j, BMDMs were transfected with Scr or siPtger2 and siPtger4. k, BMDMs were transfected with Scr or siPtger2 and siPtger4. After 72 h, the cells were incubated with vehicle or 10 uM PGE₂ for 2 h and then assayed for Tgfb1 mRNA. The mRNA data are expressed relative to the first control group. Values are means ± SEM; ns, not significant (P > 0.05); n = 3 biological replicates. Two-sided P values were determined by one-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD posthoc analysis.