Table 4.

The effect of HFNC and NC intervention on physiological parameters.

	HFNC (n = 19)	Mean difference	NC (n = 19)	Mean difference	p value
CO2 (mmHg)
Before	38.95 ± 4.28	+ 0.11	39.44 ± 4.18	+ 0.80	0.34
After	39.06 ± 3.90		40.24 ± 4.21
SpO2 (%)
Before	96.47 ± 2.32	+ 0.16	96.58 ± 1.84	+ 1.79	0.01*
After	96.63 ± 2.41		98.37 ± 1.54
Body temperature (oC)
Before	36.43 ± 0.65	+ 0.18	36.52 ± 0.41	+ 0.01	0.27
After	36.61 ± 0.50		36.53 ± 0.34
Pulse rate (per minute)
Before	87.79 ± 16.02	−7.90	83.79 ± 15.52	−4.53	0.40
After	79.89 ± 13.58		79.26 ± 17.12
Respiratory rate (per minute)
Before	20.79 ± 2.78	−0.90	21.05 ± 3.36	−1.94	0.14
After	19.89 ± 2.60		19.11 ± 2.08
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Before	131.00 ± 17.47	−11.0	131.53 ± 21.40	−9.90	0.74
After	120.00 ± 15.53		121.63 ± 15.72
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
Before	74.79 ± 12.74	−3.16	75.37 ± 13.96	−3.21	0.93
After	71.63 ± 11.50		72.16 ± 11.23

Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test, p < 0.05.

HFNC high flow nasal cannula, NC nasal cannula, CO₂ carbon dioxide, SpO₂ peripheral capillary oxygen saturation.

*Significance between high-flow nasal cannula and nasal cannula.